Eye, Ear, Respiratory Flashcards
Moraxella bovis causes
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (vector-flies)
Mycoplasma conjunctivae, Chlamydia pecorum causes
Infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis
Mycoplasma bovis, Histophilus somni causes
otitis in calves
Otitis Externa
Staph, Strep, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, excherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, malassezia pachydermatis
Secondary causes to Otitis Externa
Bacteria and fungus
How do you treat Otitis Externa
Treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa first, it will cover everything else because it is very resistant
What causes conjunctivitis in cats?
Chlamydia felis (feline pneumonitis) and Mycoplasma felis (mycoplasma conjunctivitis)
Eye- systemic bacterial infections
rickettsia, anaplasma, ehrlichia, brucellosis, leptospirosis
Eye- systemic mycoses
blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, protothecosis
Aspergillus sp causes
Mycotic keratitis in horses
Leptospira causes
Equine recurrent uveitis- periodic ophthalmia, moon blindness
Guttural pouch mycosis is a complication of what
Streptococcus equi subsp equi (strangles)
T/F resident and transient microflora are common in upper respiratory tract
True
Tracheitis is rare, what causes it
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
Which is better for diagnosis: culture of nasal discharge or culture of tracheal/broncheoalveolar lavage?
Tracheal or broncheoalveolar lavage culture
Rhinosporidium seeberi causes
Nasal polyp/tumor like growth in animals and humans
Fungal infections with primary lung involvement
blastomyces dermatitidis
histoplasma capsulatum
coccidioides immitis
(pyogranulomatous lesions)
Which fungus appears with broad based budding?
Blastomyces
Which fungus appears with a large capsule around the buds?
Cryptococcus
What serology do you use for cryptococcus neoformans?
Latex agglutination test
What serology is good as general screening of invasive fungal diseases?
Beta-D glucan assay
T/F test results are often negative early in the course of fungal infections
True
T/F Fungal serology is useful in monitoring response to therapy or disease recurrence
False (except the crypto test)
Pigeon droppings are significant for…
Histoplasma,
Cryptococcus,
Salmonella
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Calf diphtheria- necrotic layngitis, feed-lot cattle, Gram -, anaerobic, untreated die
Histophilus somni in cattle
laryngitis
What type of disease is most economically important in cattle?
Respiratory Disease
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex
Multifactorial, complex interactions b/n environ, host, & pathogens Mannheimia hemolytica Pasteurella multocida Histophilus somni Mycoplasma bovis Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Bacteria contributing to Shipping Fever
Mannheimia hemolytica
Pasteurella multocida
Histophilus somni
Mannheimia haemolytica
Ruminant specific leukotoxin which destroys neutrophils and becomes susceptible to other infections
Enzootic pneumonia in calves
housed dairy calves, morbidity up to 100%, partial or complete failure of passive transfer of maternal antibodies
Resp viruses, pastuerella multocida, mannheimia haemolytica, mycoplasma bovis
What do the lungs look like in Contagious Bovine pleuropneumonia
marbled appearance due to edematous interlobular septa
Hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle caused by
pastuerella multocida serotypes b1 and e2
Key to prevention of respiratory diseases
management
Signs of atrophic rhinitis in swine
turbinate lesions, shortening of upper jaw (brachygnathia), deviation of septum
toxins involved in atrophic rhinitis in swine
pasteurella PMT toxin- osteoclasts
bordetella bronchiseptica DNT toxin- osteoblasts
Haemophilus parasuis clinical signs
Polyserositis, polysynovitis, meningitis
Where is Haemophilus parasuis found in the host?
Commensal in nasal cavity, tonsil, trachea, and lungs of pigs
Haemophilus parasius disease name
Glasser’s Disease
Haemophilus parasuis pathogenesis
Mucosal colonization, barrier breach, enter blood stream, replicate at serosal sites, fibrinopurulent inflam., systemic infection, DIC, microthrombi in lung, liver, kidney
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae causes
Porcine pleuropneumonia- hemorrhagic and necrotizing pleuropneumonia
Rhodococcus equi causes
Foal pneumonia (intracellular coccobacilli)
Foal pneumonia signs
1-4 months old foals (most serious pneumonia for foals)
Nodular lung lesions and mediastinal lymphadenopathy
Rhodococcus equi diagnosis
culture of tracheal wash, cytology of transtracheal wash
Is penicillin effective against Rhodococcus equi?
No- it is intracelullar
