Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Musculoskeletal System

Answer 1

1. Supports the body and protects viral organs from injury
2. Enables movement
3. Key role in producing blood cells within the bone marrow.

Question 2

Joints

Answer 2

Meeting point of two or more bones that allows movenment
-> synovial fluid is found between them.

Question 3

What is synovial fluid?

Answer 3

Lubricant between bones that reduces friction.

Question 4

Compact bone tissue

Answer 4

Hard external layer of bone that encases spongy bone tissue. It strengthens and protects bones.

Question 5

Spongy bone layer

Answer 5

Inner layer of the bone that is light and flexible. It is a shock absorber.

Question 6

What are bone cell types?

Answer 6

Osteogenic, Osteoclast, Osteoblast, and Osteocytes.

Question 7

Osteoclast

Answer 7

Cell that breaks down old bone tissue.

Regulates formation of new bone and maintains bone tissue.

Question 8

Osteocyte

Answer 8

Cell that regulates the formation of new bone while maintaining bone tissue.

Question 9

Osteoblast

Answer 9

Cells that form new bone tissue.

Question 10

Osteogenic

Answer 10

Stem cells that develop into osteoblasts.

Question 11

Connective Tissues and Muscle Types

Ligaments

Answer 11

Tough, elastic connective tissues made of collagen that connect bones at joints.

Question 12

Connective Tissues and Muscle Types

Cartilage

Answer 12

Flexible tissue that covers the ends of bones at a joint to reduce friction.

Question 13

Connective Tissues and Muscle Types

Bones

Answer 13

Hard and dense structures that are made up of calcium and phosphorus (components of bone matrix). Bones have canals that contain nerve and blood vessels.

Question 14

What are muscles?

Answer 14

Bundles of long cells called muscle fibers that contain specialized proteins that cause the muscle to contract when signaled by nerve cells.

Question 15

What are the function of muscles?

Answer 15

Coordinating movement and provide structure to support the body.

Question 16

Tendons

Answer 16

Tough, flexible bands that connect muscles to bones and control joint movement

Question 17

Skeletal muscle

Answer 17

Voluntary muscles (striated and tubular shaped in appearance) attached to bones by tendons. They are responsible for body movement.

Question 18

Smooth Muscle

Answer 18

Involuntary muscles (striated) found in the organs, responsible for movements that cannot be controlled.

Autonomous

Question 19

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 19

Involuntary muscle (striated) found only in the heart. They are responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.

Question 20

Vertebrates

Answer 20

Animals with backbones and have similar musculoskeletal systems as us, with muscles attached to bones under the skin.

Question 21

Invertebrates

Answer 21

No backbone

Question 22

Exoskeleton

Answer 22

Many invertebrates have exoskeletons, which is a hard, external skeleton that protects and supports the body of an animal or non-human made device.