Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Joints, Muscle Movement, Rickets, Arthritis
Musculoskeletal system
The combination of the muscular system and the skeletal system, which provides our bodies with strength, shape/structure and movement
Bones
Tissue which provides strength, shape, support and protection for internal organs
Tendons
A tissue which connects bone to muscle (made of collagen)
Ligaments
A tissue which connects bone to bone (made of collagen)
Cartilage
A strong tissue which protects bones by cushioning, absorbing shock and reducing friction
Spinal cord Bone
- Supports the head and body
- Allows movement of the head & body
- Protects the spinal cord
Vertebre
Circular bones which protect the spinal column and allow some movement
Intervertebral discs
A disc of cartilage found in-between the vertebrae to cushion the vertebrae, reduce friction and absorb shock
Fibrous Joints
Joints which don’t provide any movement (mainly protection/ structure) e.g. skull
Cartilaginous Joints
Joints that are entirely joined by cartilage, provide some movement (e.g. spinal column)
Synovial Joints
A joint which allows full movement (e.g. shoulder)
Pivot joint
One bone swivels in the ring of another bone, allowing limited movement, e.g. first and second vertebrae in the neck
Hinge joint
Bones are connected together like hinges on a door, allowing open and closing in one direction only e.g. knee and elbow
Ball & Socket Joint
The rounded head of one bone sits in the cup of another bone, allows movement in almost every direction e.g. shoulder and hip
Condyloid Joint
One bones oval, flat surface sits in the complimentary shape of another bone, allows full angular motion
e.g. knuckles and wrist
Plane Joint
A bone attaches to a nearly flat surface pf another bone, only allows giving motion
e.g. foot
Saddle Joint
Two bones shaped like a saddle with concave and convex areas, allows more movement then saddle
e.g. thumb
Pivot Joint
One bone swivels in the ring of another, allows limited movement
e.g. first and second vertebrae in the neck
Synovial fluid
Acts as a lubricant and stops friction wearing away bones, found in the joint cavity (between two bones)
Synovial membrane
Encases and produces the synovial fluid, found at the intersection of both bones
Rickets
A bone (non communicable) disease found in Children and Infants which has a negative effect on bone and growth
Symptoms of Rickets
Pain
Skeletal deformities
Dental problems
Poor growth
Fragile bones
Causes of Rickets
Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency
Treating Rickets
Increasing a Childs intake of Vitamin D and Calcium
