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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY > Musculoskeletal Diagnostic Terms > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Diagnostic Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ankylosis

A

Stiff joint condition

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2
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of the joints characterized by pain, swelling, redness, warmth, limitation of motion. Over 100 types of arthritis.

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3
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Erosion of articulate cartilage. Also called degenerative arthritis. Most common

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4
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Most crippling form. Systemic inflammation most often affecting joints and synovial membranes. Causes ankylosis (stiffening of a joint) and deformity

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5
Q

Gouty Arthritis

A

Acute attacks of arthritis, usually in single joint. Caused by hyperuricemia. Aka too much Uric acid in the blood

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6
Q

Bony necrosis

A

Bone tissue that has died from loss of blood supply such as can occur from a fracture

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7
Q

Sequestrium

A

Bone tissue that dies from loss of blood supply.

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8
Q

Bunion

A

Swelling of joint at the base of the great toe caused by bursa inflammation

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9
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa

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10
Q

Chondromalacia

A

Softening of cartilage

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11
Q

Epiphysitis

A

Inflammation of the epiphyseal regions of long bone

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12
Q

Closed fracture

A

Broken bone with no open wound

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13
Q

Open fracture

A

Compound fracture. Broken bone with open wound

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14
Q

Complex fracture

A

Displaced fracture requires manipulation or surgery to repairs

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15
Q

Fracture line

A

Line of the break in a broken bone

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16
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Bone shattered into many pieces

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17
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Bone break in which fracture like is helical, usually resulting from a twisting injury

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18
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Bone break in which fracture forms right angle with longitudinal axis of bone

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19
Q

Green stick fracture

A

Bending and incomplete fracture of bone. Mostly seen in children

20
Q

Herniated disc

A

Protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented invertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root

21
Q

Myeloma

A

Bone marrow tumor

22
Q

Myositis

A

Inflammation of muscle

23
Q

Myoma

A

Muscle tumor

24
Q

Leiomyoma

A

Smooth muscle tumor

25
Q

Leiomyosarcoma

A

Malignant smooth muscle tumor

26
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A

Skeletal muscle tumor

27
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

Malignant skeletal muscle tumor

28
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

Progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle

29
Q

Osteoma

A

Bone tumor

30
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Malignant bone tumor

31
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Disease marked by softening of bone

32
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Infection of bone marrow causing inflammation

33
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Condition of decreased bone density

34
Q

Kyphosis

A

Anteriorly concave curvature of thoracic spine

35
Q

Lordosis

A

Anteriorly convex curvature of lumbar spine

36
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of spine

37
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Forward slipping of a lumbar vertebra

38
Q

Spondylosis

A

Stiff, immobile condition of vertebrae caused by joint degeneration

39
Q

Sprain

A

Injury to ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture

40
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial dislocation

41
Q

Tendinitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon

42
Q

Electromyogram

A

Neuro diagnostic test to measure activity of muscle at rest and during contraction to diagnose neuromuscular disease

43
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging

A

Magnetic fields and radio frequency to visaualize structures

44
Q

Arthrogram

A

A radiograph taken after injection of a contrast medium

45
Q

Computed tomography

A

Special X-ray producing cross sectional images that are processed by a computer to provide 2d or 3D images

46
Q

Computed axial tomography

A

Same as CT

47
Q

Sonography

A

Ultrasound image. Visualize muscles ligaments displacements and dislocation.

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (10 decks)

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