Musculoskeletal Assessment

Question 1

Vitamins important for bone density

Answer 1

Calcium and vitamin D

Question 2

Types of exercises important for stimulating osteoblasts

Answer 2

Weight-bearing, foot-on-pavement exercises

Question 3

MSK risks for gender

Answer 3

Women at more risk for falls and for osteoporosis, while men are more risk-taking

Question 4

Risky medications for MSK

Answer 4

Depo-Provera shot thins bones due to its progesterone base, steroids thin bones, CNS meds can cause dizziness/changes in consciousness

Question 5

Crepitus

Answer 5

Bone-on-bone grinding

Question 6

Relaxin

Answer 6

A hormone that increases in circulating levels during pregnancy that increases mobility of the joints, sometimes to our own detriment

Question 7

Lordosis

Answer 7

Excessive inward curve of the lumbar spine, common during pregnancy

Question 8

Kyphosis

Answer 8

Excessive outward curve of the thoracic spine

Question 9

Leg development in childhood

Answer 9

Bow-legged until 18 months of age, knock-knee

Question 10

Anterior fontanel

Answer 10

Closes by 18-24 months

Question 11

Posterior fontanel

Answer 11

Closes by 2 months

Question 12

Epiphysis

Answer 12

Growth plate on the ends of the bones allowing them to elongate and widen; unfused until the age of 20; fractures are a concern

Question 13

Development of the cervical spine

Answer 13

Develops after 3-4 months with the raising of the head

Question 14

Development of the anterior curve of the spine

Answer 14

Develops at 9-18 months with standing

Question 15

Static posture

Answer 15

Posture when we’re standing, which trains our muscles and affects how we will be mobilizing

Question 16

Antalgic gait

Answer 16

Gait related to pain

Question 17

Shuffling gait

Answer 17

Sometimes due to central reasons, stance is widened to maintain balance, but they don’t have enough stance to swing, so they shuffle

Question 18

Inspection of joints/muscles/extremities

Answer 18

Comparison of the left and right joints, looking for size, symmetry, contour, colour, edema/deformity, and curvature of the spine

Question 19

Palpation of joints/muscles/extremities

Answer 19

Looking or muscle tone, temperature variations, tremor/fasciculation, edema, crepitus, bony articulations (calcifications causing deformities), and tenderness

Question 20

Active ROM assessment

Answer 20

Patient tests ROM by themselves

Question 21

Passive ROM assessment

Answer 21

Nurse uses both hands to help patient with ROM

Question 22

Movement outside normal ROM

Answer 22

Can indicate a tear

Question 23

Assessment of muscle strength

Answer 23

Graded on a scale of 1-5 to give nuances of actual tone/strength of the muscle