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Medical Terminology > musculoskeletal > Flashcards

musculoskeletal Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cartilage

A

chondr/o

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2
Q

levels or organization

A 
organism
system
organs
tissue
cell
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3
Q

organs

A

viscer/o

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4
Q

comprised of specialized tissue

A

organs

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5
Q

tissue

A

hist/o, histi/o

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6
Q

smallest unit of life; basic building block

A

cell

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7
Q

cell

A

cyt/o

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8
Q

nucleus

A

kary/o, nucle/o

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9
Q

contents of the main fluid-filled space inside cells; carries on work of cells including chemical reaction

A

cytoplasm

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10
Q

controlling structure

A

nucleus

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11
Q

separates cell from external environment and protect cell

A

cell membranes

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12
Q

provides support and shape to the body through bones and cartilage

A

skeleton

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13
Q

cover bones and supply the force needed to make movement possible; produce body heat

A

muscles

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14
Q

bones of shoulder, pelvis, upper and inner extremities

A

appendicular skeleton

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15
Q

bones of skull, vertebrae, chest

A

axial skeleton

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16
Q

connective tissue comprised of osteocytes

A

bone

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17
Q

dense, closely packed osteocytes

A

compact bone

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18
Q

mesh like, contains marrow, blood vessels

A

spongy bone

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19
Q

portion of bone that grows during childhood

A

metaphysis

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20
Q

joint

A

articulation

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21
Q

ends of long bones

A

epiphysis

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22
Q

protective tissue around bone; tough and contains blood vessels and nerves

A

periosteum

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23
Q

middle of bone; includes red bone marrow, yellow bone marrow, and bone marrow

A

medullary cavity

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24
Q

muscle to bone; tough CT on each side of joint

A

tendons

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25
Q

tendon

A

ten/o, tend/o

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26
Q

bone to bone; tough elastic bands of CT

A

ligaments

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27
Q

protects bone; helps reduce friction during movement of a joint

A

cartilage

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28
Q

fluid-filled sacs between bones, ligaments, or other adjacent structures help cushion friction in joint

A

bursa

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29
Q

clear, sticky fluid secreted by synovial membrane

A

synovial fluid

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30
Q

curved part of cartilage in knees and other joints

A

meniscus

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31
Q

disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to fracture

A

osteoporosis

32
Q

primarily affects weight bearing joints

A

osteoarthritis

33
Q

neck

A

cervic/o

34
Q

ribs

A

cost/o

35
Q

skull

A

crani/o

36
Q

digit (finger or toe)

A

dactyl/o

37
Q

fascia

A

fasci/o

38
Q

femur

A

femor/o

39
Q

fiber

A

fibr/o

40
Q

humped

A

kyph/o

41
Q

smooth muscle

A

lei/o

42
Q

bent

A

lord/o

43
Q

loin (lower back)

A

lumb/o

44
Q

bone marrow or spinal cord

A

myel/o

45
Q

muscle

A

my/o, myos/o, muscul/o

46
Q

bone

A

oste/o

47
Q

knee cap

A

patell/o

48
Q

pelvis, hip

A

pelv/i, pelv/o

49
Q

radius

A

radi/o

50
Q

rod shaped, striated muscle

A

rhabd/o

51
Q

flesh

A

sarc/o

52
Q

twisted

A

scoli/o

53
Q

tone, tension

A

ten/o

54
Q

vertebra

A

spondyl/o, vertebr/o

55
Q

sternum

A

stern/o

56
Q

ulna

A

uln/o

57
Q

tendon

A

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

58
Q

growth, growing

A

-physis

59
Q

growth, nutrition

A

-trophy

60
Q

thorax, chest

A

thorac/o

61
Q

body is erect, facing forward; arms to side, palms outward

A

anatomical position

62
Q

imaginary surface formed by connecting two points on/in the body

A

planes of body

63
Q

divides body vertically into anterior and posterior references

A

frontal plane

64
Q

vertical plane that separates body into unequal left and right portions

A

sagittal

65
Q

divides body vertically into equal left and right portions

A

mid sagittal

66
Q

divides horizontally into upper and lower references

A

transverse

67
Q

front

A

anterior

68
Q

back

A

posterior

69
Q

toward the head

A

superior

70
Q

away from the head

A

inferior

71
Q

near, closest to point of origin

A

proximal

72
Q

far, away from point of origin

A

distal

73
Q

toward the middle

A

medial

74
Q

toward the side

A

lateral

75
Q

through center of body, or part

A

axis

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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