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Patho 2 > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Decrease in bone density (bone becomes more porous and thinner)

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2
Q

What imbalance?

A

Bone resorption outpaces bone deposition=>weak bones increasing risk of #

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3
Q

What are the risk factors of osteoporosis ?

A

Naturally occurs with increase in age but other risk factors include:
Smoking
Decreased activity, calcium levels, vitamin D
Certain drugs like cortical steroids

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4
Q

What is complete type of fracture?

A

Bone broken all the way through separated into 2 pieces at least

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5
Q

Incomplete?

A

Break doesn’t go all the way though

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6
Q

Open?

A

Bone penetrates the skin

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7
Q

Closed?

A

Bone doesn’t penetrate

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8
Q

What is a fracture?

A

Basically a break in bone

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9
Q

S+S of #?
MAD Pain

A

Muscle affects eg spasm

Altered sensations

Decrease mobility

Pain
Swelling
Weakness
Deformity

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10
Q

How many stages is there for # healing?

A

4

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11
Q

What is 1st stage?

A

Hematoma collection of blood

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12
Q

2nd stage?

A

Soft callous formation - fibrocartilage + fibrous CT form around break with new blood vessel formation

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13
Q

3rd stage?

A

Hard callus = bone tissue replaces fibrous CT and fibrocartilage

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14
Q

4th?

A

Remodelling = reshaping of hard callus to original bone shape

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15
Q

Fracture management?
RIF

A

Reduction = realignment of displaced #

Immobilisation = splints, plaster cast

Fixation = screws driven into bone fragments attached to external plates to hold bone in place

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16
Q

What is arthritis? What else can be this?

A

Inflammation and tissue damage in joints
Gout can be arthritis

17
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis is linked to a degenerative condition where the flexible ends of bone wears down

Its not just wear and tear bc its an inflammatory aspect of development

18
Q

What are the risk factors of arthritis
i BJ

A

Increase in age and mechanical stress

Breakdown of articular cartilage

Joint injury

19
Q

Management for arthritis?
SAPP

A

Surgery=joint replacement

Anti inflammatory drugs

Physical therapy in initial stage

Pain management

Patho 2 (7 decks)

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