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Lower Limb Anatomy > Musculature > Flashcards

Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

What compartment of the thigh contains the rectus femoris?

A

The anterior compartment

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2
Q

What movement does the rectus femoris contribute to?

A

Flexion of the hip
AND
Extension of the knee

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3
Q

What four muscles make up the quadriceps group?

A

The rectus femoris,
The vastus medialis
The vastus lateralis
The vastus intermedius

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4
Q

Where does the rectus femoris originate?

A

The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

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5
Q

Where do the three vastus muscles originate from?

A

The femur

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6
Q

What movement does contraction of the vastus medius, intermedius, and lateralis create?

A

Extension at the knee

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7
Q

The dominant hip flexor is made up of which two muscles?

A

Psoas major and the iliacus

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8
Q

Having passed inferiorly to the inguinal ligament the psoas major and iliacus muscles become what?

A

One muscle called the Iliopsoas

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9
Q

List the thigh muscles

A 
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius 
Psoas major
Iliacus
Iliopsoas
Pectineus 
Sartorius
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10
Q

What movement does the sartorius illicit?

A

Hip flexion and knee flexion

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11
Q

Where is the insertion of the Iliopsoas muscle?

A

The lesser trochanter of the femur

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12
Q

What three muscles make up the ‘hamstrings’?

A

The Semitendinosus
The Semimembranosus
The LONG HEAD of the biceps femoris (not the short head)

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13
Q

What movement does contraction of the three hamstring muscles illicit?

A

Extension at the hip

Flexion at the knee

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14
Q

What action does contraction of the short head of the biceps femoris produce?

A

Flexion at the knee

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15
Q

Where do the three hamstring muscles (semitendinosus, semimebranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris) originate from?

A

The ischial tuberosity

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16
Q

Does the biceps femoris pass laterally or medially to the knee?

A

Laterally

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17
Q

Do the semimebranosus and semitendinosus muscles pass laterally or medially to the knee?

A

Medially

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18
Q

What muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Gracilis
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
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19
Q

What action does the medial compartment of the thigh produce?

A

Adduction

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20
Q

What action does the gracilis produce?

A

Adduction of the hip

Flexion at the knee

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21
Q

What movement does the adductor Magnus produce?

A

Adduction at the hip and extension at the hip

22
Q

What movement does the pectineus muscle produce?

A

Adduction at the hip and flexion at the hip

23
Q

What is dorsiflexsion

A

Movement of the top of the foot towards the shin, pointing the toes up (“bad toes”)

24
Q

What is plantarflexion?

A

Pointing the toes down (“good toes”), moving the upper surface of the foot away from the shin

25
Q

What movement do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg produce?

A

Dorsiflexion

26
Q

What four muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

27
Q

What movements does contraction of the tibikas anterior produce?

A

Dorsiflexion

Inversion

28
Q

What muscle has a tendon that attaches to the big toe (hallux)?

A

The Extensor hallucis longus

29
Q

What muscle has tendons that attach to the smaller four toes (digits)?

A

The Extensor digitorum longus?

30
Q

What movements does the extensor hallucis longus produce?

A

Dorsiflexion
AND
Extension of the big toe

31
Q

What movements does the extensor digitorum longus produce?

A

Dorsiflexion
AND
Extension of the four smaller toes

32
Q

Which compartment of the leg contains these muscles: the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and fibularis tertius?

A

The anterior compartment of the leg

33
Q

What movements are produced by contraction of the fibularis tertius?

A

Dorsiflexion
AND
Version

34
Q

What movement at the ankle is the lateral compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Eversion

AND assist with plantarflexion

35
Q

How many muscles does the lateral compartment of the leg contain?

A

Two

36
Q

Which is the more superficial muscle in the lateral compartment?

A

Fibularis longus

37
Q

What are the names of the two muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

38
Q

Where does the fibularis brevis attach on the base of the foot?

A

Laterally, to the base of the fifth metatarsal

39
Q

Where does the fibularis longus attach on the base of the foot?

A

Medially, at the base of the first metatarsal

40
Q

Which muscle from the anterior compartment of the leg assists the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis with eversion of the foot?

A

The fibularis tertius

41
Q

Which nerve innervates the lateral compartment?

A

The superficial fibular(peroneal) nerve

42
Q

What are the names of the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

The medial head and the lateral head

43
Q

What muscle underlies the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

The plantaris muscle

44
Q

What movement does the soleus produce?

A

Plantarflexion

45
Q

What muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

The soleus,
The gastrocnemius,
Plantaris

46
Q

What muscles make up the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

The popliteus,
The tibialis posterior,
The flexor digitorum longus,
The flexor hallucis longus

47
Q

How many muscles make up the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Seven

Three in the superficial posterior compartment and four in the deep posterior compartment

48
Q

What movement does the flexor digitorum longus produce?

A

Plantarflexion and flexion of the four small toes

49
Q

What movement does the flexor hallucis longus produce?

A

Plantarflexion and flexion of the big toe

50
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

The tibial nerve

Lower Limb Anatomy (5 decks)

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