Musculature Flashcards
What compartment of the thigh contains the rectus femoris?
The anterior compartment
What movement does the rectus femoris contribute to?
Flexion of the hip
AND
Extension of the knee
What four muscles make up the quadriceps group?
The rectus femoris,
The vastus medialis
The vastus lateralis
The vastus intermedius
Where does the rectus femoris originate?
The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Where do the three vastus muscles originate from?
The femur
What movement does contraction of the vastus medius, intermedius, and lateralis create?
Extension at the knee
The dominant hip flexor is made up of which two muscles?
Psoas major and the iliacus
Having passed inferiorly to the inguinal ligament the psoas major and iliacus muscles become what?
One muscle called the Iliopsoas
List the thigh muscles
Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Psoas major Iliacus Iliopsoas Pectineus Sartorius
What movement does the sartorius illicit?
Hip flexion and knee flexion
Where is the insertion of the Iliopsoas muscle?
The lesser trochanter of the femur
What three muscles make up the ‘hamstrings’?
The Semitendinosus
The Semimembranosus
The LONG HEAD of the biceps femoris (not the short head)
What movement does contraction of the three hamstring muscles illicit?
Extension at the hip
Flexion at the knee
What action does contraction of the short head of the biceps femoris produce?
Flexion at the knee
Where do the three hamstring muscles (semitendinosus, semimebranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris) originate from?
The ischial tuberosity
Does the biceps femoris pass laterally or medially to the knee?
Laterally
Do the semimebranosus and semitendinosus muscles pass laterally or medially to the knee?
Medially
What muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?
Gracilis Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus
What action does the medial compartment of the thigh produce?
Adduction
What action does the gracilis produce?
Adduction of the hip
Flexion at the knee
What movement does the adductor Magnus produce?
Adduction at the hip and extension at the hip
What movement does the pectineus muscle produce?
Adduction at the hip and flexion at the hip
What is dorsiflexsion
Movement of the top of the foot towards the shin, pointing the toes up (“bad toes”)
What is plantarflexion?
Pointing the toes down (“good toes”), moving the upper surface of the foot away from the shin
What movement do the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg produce?
Dorsiflexion
What four muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
What movements does contraction of the tibikas anterior produce?
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
What muscle has a tendon that attaches to the big toe (hallux)?
The Extensor hallucis longus
What muscle has tendons that attach to the smaller four toes (digits)?
The Extensor digitorum longus?
What movements does the extensor hallucis longus produce?
Dorsiflexion
AND
Extension of the big toe
What movements does the extensor digitorum longus produce?
Dorsiflexion
AND
Extension of the four smaller toes
Which compartment of the leg contains these muscles: the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and fibularis tertius?
The anterior compartment of the leg
What movements are produced by contraction of the fibularis tertius?
Dorsiflexion
AND
Version
What movement at the ankle is the lateral compartment of the leg responsible for?
Eversion
AND assist with plantarflexion
How many muscles does the lateral compartment of the leg contain?
Two
Which is the more superficial muscle in the lateral compartment?
Fibularis longus
What are the names of the two muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
Where does the fibularis brevis attach on the base of the foot?
Laterally, to the base of the fifth metatarsal
Where does the fibularis longus attach on the base of the foot?
Medially, at the base of the first metatarsal
Which muscle from the anterior compartment of the leg assists the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis with eversion of the foot?
The fibularis tertius
Which nerve innervates the lateral compartment?
The superficial fibular(peroneal) nerve
What are the names of the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle?
The medial head and the lateral head
What muscle underlies the gastrocnemius muscle?
The plantaris muscle
What movement does the soleus produce?
Plantarflexion
What muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
The soleus,
The gastrocnemius,
Plantaris
What muscles make up the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
The popliteus,
The tibialis posterior,
The flexor digitorum longus,
The flexor hallucis longus
How many muscles make up the posterior compartment of the leg?
Seven
Three in the superficial posterior compartment and four in the deep posterior compartment
What movement does the flexor digitorum longus produce?
Plantarflexion and flexion of the four small toes
What movement does the flexor hallucis longus produce?
Plantarflexion and flexion of the big toe
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?
The tibial nerve
