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SEMESTER 1 EXAM > Muscular System Exam Revision > Flashcards

Muscular System Exam Revision Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 myofilaments are responsible for muscle contraction/relaxation

A

Actin
Myosin

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2
Q

What minerals/is required for muscle contraction

A

Calcium
ATP

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3
Q

What minerals/is required for muscle relaxation

A

Magnesium
ATP

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4
Q

What is the name of the process through which ATP is formed

A

Cell Respiration

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5
Q

Name the 2 types of cell respiration and what they mean

A

Aerobic -uses oxygen
Anaerobic - without oxygen

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6
Q

Oxygen + ? = ? + water= energy

A

Oxygen + Glucose + CO2 + water + energy

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7
Q

What is the function of Creatine Phosphate

A

A stored form of ATP in skeletal muscle for use when required.

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8
Q

What does muscle do (functions)

A

Movement: muscle contraction
Maintains Posture: continual partial muscle contraction
Generates Heat: Thermogenesis
Stores Substances

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9
Q

What 2 substances are needed for Aerobic Respiration

A

Oxygen
Glycogen

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10
Q

How many glucose molecules are in 1 Glycogen

A

60,000

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11
Q

? + ? = ATP

A

Oxygen
Glycogen

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12
Q

Which other part of the body stores Glycogen

A

Liver

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13
Q

Name a mineral stored in muscles

A

Calcium

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14
Q

Name one property of cardiac muscle that is different to any other type.

A

It’s autorhythmic

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15
Q

What is the name for where motor neurons meets a muscle fibre

A

The Neuromuscular Junction

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16
Q

What happens at the Neuromuscular junction to cause a muscle to move

A

A signal is required.

Acetylcholine: The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic end gap.

This causes the nerve impulse to travel along the Sarcolemma

17
Q

What neurotransmitter contracts smooth muscle in the gut.

A

Serotonin

18
Q

In the digestive system what instructs the muscles to contract

A

The Vagus Nerve

19
Q

What is the function of Myoglobin

A

A protein which binds oxygen

20
Q

Where is the diaphragm situated

A

Thoracic Cavity above it
Abdominal Cavity below it

21
Q

What runs through the diaphragm

A

Inferior Vena Cava
Aorta
Vagus Nerve

22
Q

What is the function of Transverse tubules

A

Allows rapid transmission of electrical signal inside myocyte for fast contraction.

23
Q

Who do some muscles appear red in colour

A

High levels of Myoglobin

24
Q

Function of Occipitofrontalis Muscle

A

Raises eyebrows

25
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Draw arms forward

26
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Flex and supinate elbow

27
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Crucnhes.Flexes Abdomen

28
Q

What muscle is the antagonis of Biceps Brachii

A

Triceps Brachii

29
Q

3 locations where smooth muscle is found

A

Iris in eyes
Blood Vessels
Airways

30
Q

Why does a patient experience weakness in Myesthenia Gravis

A

Antibodies bind to the Acetylcholine receptors at the NMJ blocking the nerve impulse along the sarcolemma

SEMESTER 1 EXAM (3 decks)

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