Muscular System- Adaptations

Question 1

What are the 7 adaptions of the muscular system?

Answer 1

Muscular hypertrophy
Increased tendon strength
Increased number and size of mitochondria
Increase in myoglobin stores
Increase storage of glycogen
Increase storage of fats
Increase tolerance to lactate

Question 2

Describe Muscular Hypertrophy

Answer 2

When muscles overload, they will increase in size and strength.
They will increase in size because muscle fibres get larger by increasing in protein in the muscle cell.
By increase in size a muscle can contract with greater force.

Question 3

What are tendons?

Answer 3

Tendons are tough bands of fibrous connective tissue designed to withstand tension. Tendons connect muscle to bone.

Question 4

What are the benfits of increasing tenson strength?

Answer 4

When we exercise our tendons are able to increase in strength and flexibility. This allows muscles to contract and stretch further while preventing strains.

Question 5

How does exercising increase the number and size of mitochondria?

Answer 5

By increasing the size of a muscle and its fibres there is room for more and larger mitochondria; improving aerobic performance.

Question 6

Myoglobin a a type of haemoglobin that carries oxygen and is found where?

Answer 6

Myoglobin is found in muscle.
It carries oxygen through the muscle to the mitochondria.

Question 7

TRUE or FALSE
Exercise can increase amount of myoglobin stored in muscles.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

Carbohydrates are eaten, broken down into glucose and stored as glycogen. As your body adapts to exercise, you are able to store more………………..

Answer 8

Carbohydrates are eaten then broken down into glucose and stored as glycogen. As your body adapts to exercise you are able to store more GLYCOGEN.

Question 9

TRUE or FALSE
A trained athlete can use fats as a fuel more effectively

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

Explain how exercise can lead to an increased tolerance to lactate.

Answer 10

Anaerobic training stimulates the muscles to become better able to tolerate lactic acid.
With endurance training the capillary network extends to allow greater volumes of blood (oxygen and nutrients) to supply the muscle.
The body becomes more efficient at using oxygen and therefore prolonging the build up of lactic acid.