Muscular System Flashcards
What are tendons?
Connect muscle to bone
Provide anchor for muscles to produce force
What is a fascia?
Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
What are fascicles ?
Bundle of individual muscle fibers
What is a muscle fiber?
Cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
What is a sarcomere?
It produces muscular contraction
Repeating sections of actin and myosin
What are two types of muscle tissues?
Type 1 slow twitch
Type 2 fast twitch
What is a type muscle tissue ?
Slow twitch
Smaller size
Fatigue slowly
What is type 2 muscle tissue?
Fast twitch
Larger size
Quick to produce maximal tension
Fatigue quickly
What is a motor unit?
One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with
What is a neural activation ?
It is the contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
What is a neurotransmitter?
Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
What is a local stabilization system ?
Attach directly to vertebrae
What is local stabilization system consists of?
Transverse abdominis Internal oblique Multifidus Pelvic floor Diaphragm
What is a global stabilization system ?
Attach from pelvis to spine
What does the global stabilization system consist of?
Quadratus lumborum Psoas major External oblique Rectus abdominis Gluteus medius Adductor complex Portions of internal oblique
What is a movement system ?
Attach from the spine and/or pelvis to extremities
What does the movement system consists of ?
Latissimus dorsi
Hip flexors
Hamstring complex
Quadriceps
What is in a cross section of a muscle ?
Muscle fiber (the center)
Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium (outer most)
