muscular system Flashcards
different types of muscle
voluntary (skeletal) muscles
attached to the skeleton.
are under your conscious control.
help move the body.
different types of muscle
involuntary (smooth) muscles
work internal organs.
don’t consciously control them.
example of involuntary muscle
the cardiac muscle is a type of involuntary muscle that forms the heart.
it never gets tired, the heart can pump blood around your body all the time.
during exercise, voluntary muscles need oxygen so they can move the body.
when the heart beats, it pumps blood carrying oxygen to these muscles
voluntary muscles
biceps
upper front arm
flexion at elbow
when curling weights
voluntary muscles
triceps
upper back arm
extension at elbow
during a jump shot in netball
voluntary muscles
pectorals
adduction and flexion (horizontally) at shoulder
forehand drive in tennis
voluntary muscles
hip flexors
hip
flexion of the leg at the hip
lifting the knee when sprinting
voluntary muscles
gluteals
booty
extension, rotation and abduction of the leg at the hip
pushing the body forwards when running
voluntary muscles
trapezius
the back, above shoulder blades
extension at the neck (tilting head back)
preparing to head a football
voluntary muscles
deltoid
shoulder
flexion, extension, abduction or circumduction at the shoulder
during front crawl in swimming
voluntary muscles
latissimus dorsi
lower back
extension, adduction or rotation at the shoulder
butterfly stroke in swimming
voluntary muscles
hamstring
upper back leg
flexion at the knee
bringing the foot back before kicking a football
voluntary muscles
quadriceps
front upper leg
extension at the knee
standing on the toes in ballet pointe work
voluntary muscles
gastrocnemius
calf
plantar-flexion at the ankle
during a heel side turn in snowboarding
voluntary muscles
abdominals
ABS
flexion at the waist
during a sit up
antagonist pairs
antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other
one muscle contracts while the other one relaxes and vice versa
the muscle that’s contracting is the agonist
the muscle that is relaxing is the antagonist
each muscle is attached to two bones by tendons
antagonistic muscle pairs
knee
flexion:
agonist- hamstrings
antagonist- quadriceps
extension:
agonist- quadriceps
antagonist- hamstring
antagonistic muscle pairs
elbow
flexion:
agonist- biceps
antagonist- triceps
extension:
agonist: triceps
antagonist- biceps
antagonistic muscle pairs
hip
flexion:
agonist- hip flexors
antagonist- gluteals
extension:
agonist- gluteals
antagonist- hip flexors
antagonistic muscle pairs
shoulder
flexion:
agonist- front part of deltoid
antagonist- back part of deltoid
extension:
agonist- back part of deltoid
antagonist- front part of deltoid
key words
antagonistic pairs
a pair of muscles that work together to produce movement
key words
an origin
the end of the muscle that’s attached to the bone that is stable. the point of origin stays as the muscles contracts
DOESNT MOVE
key words
insertion
end of the muscle attached to the bone that moves
MOVES
key words
muscle hypertrophy
increase of muscle size as a result of regular exercise
