Muscular System

Question 1

Insertion

Answer 1

more movable bone

Question 2

Origin

Answer 2

More stable bone

Question 3

What do muscle names tell us?

Answer 3

• Location
• Shape
• Action
• Number of heads/divisions
• Attachments = origin/insertion
• Direction of fibers
• Size of muscles

Question 4

Parallel muscle

Answer 4

fibers tend to be longer & have greater ROM potential

Question 5

Oblique muscles

Answer 5

fibers tend to be shorter, but more numerous

Question 6

Strap muscles

Answer 6

long and think with fibers running the entire length of the muscle

Question 7

Fusiform muscles

Answer 7

shape similar to a spindle – wider in the middle and tapers at both ends

Question 8

Rhomboidal muscle

Answer 8

4 sided, usually flat with broad attachments at each end

Question 9

Triangular muscle

Answer 9

flat & fan shaped, with fibers radiating from a narrow attachment at one end to a broad attachment at another

Question 10

Unipennate muscle

Answer 10

one side of a feather

Question 11

Bipennate muscle

Answer 11

looks like a normal feather

Question 12

Mulitpennate muscle

Answer 12

many tendons with oblique fibers in between

Question 13

Normal resting length

Answer 13

length of a muscle when it is unstimulated

Question 14

Irritability

Answer 14

ability to respond to a stimulus

Question 15

Contractility

Answer 15

muscles ability to shorten or contact when it receives adequate stimulation

Question 16

Extensibility

Answer 16

muscles ability to stretch or lengthen when force is applied

Question 17

Elasticity

Answer 17

muscles ability to recoil or return to normal resting length when the stretching or shortening force is removed

Question 18

Tension

Answer 18

force built up within a muscle

Question 19

Excursion

Answer 19

distance fro maximum elongation to maximum shortening

Question 20

Active insufficiency

Answer 20

muscle cannot shorten any further

Question 21

Passive insufficiency

Answer 21

muscle cannot be elongated any further

Question 22

Isometric Contraction

Answer 22

muscle contracts, but no movement in the joint

Question 23

Isotonic contraction

Answer 23

muscle contracts, movement in the joint
2 types
concentric
eccentric

Question 24

Concentric contraction

Answer 24

joint movement, muscle shortens

Question 25

Eccentric contraction

Answer 25

joint movement, muscle lengthens

Question 26

Agonist

Answer 26

prime mover

Question 27

Antagonist

Answer 27

performs the opposite motion of the agonist

Question 28

cocontraction

Answer 28

when the antagonist contracts at the same time as the agonist

Question 29

Stabilizer

Answer 29

muscle or muscle group that supports, or makes firm, a part and allows the agonist to work more efficiently

Question 30

Neutralizer

Answer 30

contracts to prevent unwanted motion

Question 31

Synergist

Answer 31

muscle that works with one or more other muscles to enhance a particular motion

Question 32

Closed kinetic chain

Answer 32

distal segment is fixed and proximal segment is open –

example: standing up from a sitting position

Question 33

Open kinetic chain

Answer 33

distal segment is free to move while the proximal segment remain stationary
example: sitting and lifting your foot from the knee down