Muscular System

Question 1

Function of muscular system

Answer 1

Circulates blood throughout body.
Permits movement of the body.
Maintains posture.
Gives stability.

Question 2

4 types of muscles

Answer 2

Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal, Fixator

Question 3

Smooth muscles

Answer 3

Involuntary muscles. (function without conscious thought.)
Vital organs e.g. stomach, intestine.

Question 4

Cardiac muscle

Answer 4

heart muscle. pumps blood around body without conscious control.

Question 5

skeletal muscles

Answer 5

Voluntary muscles. Voluntarily contract (tighten) and relax to perform a selected movement.
Work with bones to give body power and strength.
Responsible for movement.

Question 6

Fixator muscles

Answer 6

Help to stabilise a joint.
e.g. rotator cuff helps stabilise bicep when it contracts.

Question 7

Deltoids

Answer 7

Create abduction at shoulder and raise your arm sideways.

Question 8

bicep

Answer 8

Cause flexion at the elbow

Question 9

Quadricep

Answer 9

Make extension of the leg possible at the knee.

Question 10

pectorals

Answer 10

Create adduction at the shoulder across the chest.

Question 11

Abdominals

Answer 11

Allow you to flex your torso.

Question 12

Triceps

Answer 12

Create extension at the elbow

Question 13

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 13

Allows adduction at the shoulder behind your back

Question 14

Gluteals

Answer 14

Allows extension, abduction and adduction at the hip. (Gluteus Maximus is the biggest gluteal)

Question 15

Hamstring

Answer 15

Allow flexion of the leg at the knee

Question 16

Gastrocnemius

Answer 16

Allow you to stand on tiptoes, by creating extension at the ankle

Question 17

Achilles

Answer 17

A tendon located at the heel.

Question 18

10 Joint movements

Answer 18

Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, circumduction, plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, pronation, supination.

Question 19

Extension

Answer 19

increasing the angle at a joint, straightening of a limb at a joint

Question 20

Flexion

Answer 20

Decreasing the angle at a joint, bending of a joint

Question 21

Adduction

Answer 21

Moving towards the centre of the body

Question 22

Abduction

Answer 22

Moving away from the centre of the body

Question 23

Rotation

Answer 23

Moving on a limb from side to side in either direction (swivelling)

Question 24

Circumduction

Answer 24

Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.

Question 25

Pronation

Answer 25

The forearm pronation is the movement of turning the palm over to face downwards

Question 26

Supination

Answer 26

The opposite movement of pronation, turning the palm up of forwards.

Question 27

Plantar flextion

Answer 27

Extension of the ankle, pointing of the toes

Question 28

Dorsiflexion

Answer 28

Flexion of the foot in an upward direction towards shin

Question 29

What is a major antagonistic pair?

Answer 29

Pair of muscles working together where, when one action is performed one muscle contracts whilst the other relaxes or lengthens.

Question 30

What is an agonist?

Answer 30

When the muscle contracts or shortens and becomes the prime mover.

Question 31

What is an antagonist

Answer 31

When the muscle lengthens or relaxes.

Question 32

Quadricep and hamstring

Answer 32

Antagonistic pair in the upper leg.

Question 33

Biceps and triceps

Answer 33

Antagonistic pair in the upper arm.

Question 34

Pectorals and Trapezius

Answer 34

Antagonistic pair in the upper body

Question 35

Abdominals and Erector spinae

Answer 35

Antagonistic pair in the upper body.

Question 36

Gluteus maximus and hip flexors

Answer 36

Antagonistic pair in the hip.

Question 37

What are 5 major antagonistic pairs.

Answer 37

Biceps and Triceps Quadricep and hamstring Pectorals and trapezius Abdominals and Erector spinae Gluteus maximus and hip flexors

Question 38

Hip flexor

Answer 38

in the hip

Question 39

tibialis anterior

Answer 39

front of lower leg

Question 40

external obliques

Answer 40

side of the body's torso

Question 41

Trapezius

Answer 41

at the back of the neck.

Question 42

Erector spinae

Answer 42

Muscle near your spine