Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sports - Unit 1: Body systems and physical activity > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What are the muscles acting at the shoulder joint?

A

Trapezius - upper shoulder
Deltoid - shoulder
Latissimus dorsi - middle back
Pectoralis major - chest
Teres major - behind the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the muscles acting at the elbow joint?

A

Biceps Brachii
Triceps Brachii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the muscles acting at the radio-ulnar joint?

A

Pronator teres - back of forearm
Supinator muscle - front of forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the muscles acting at the wrist joint?

A

Wrist flexors
Wrist extensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the muscles acting at the vertebral column joint?

A

Rectus abdominus - abs
Erector spinae - lower back
Internal and external obliques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the muscles acting at the hip joint?

A

Iliopsoas - pelvis
Gluteus maximus - main area of the bum
Gluteus medius - upper part of the bum
Gluteus minimus - underneath maximus and medius
Adductor longus - middle inner thigh
Adductor brevis - top inner thigh
Adductor magnus - bottom inner thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the muscles acting at the knee joint?

A

Quadricep:
Rectus Femoris - quad front
Vastus Medialis - inner quad
Vastus Intermedius - quad middle
Vastus Lateralis - outer quad
Hamstrings:
Biceps femoris - outer hamstring
Semimembranosus - inner hamstring
Semitendinosus - front hamstring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the muscles acting at the ankle?

A

Tibialis Anterior - shin
Gastrocnemius - calf
Soleus - back of ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 types of muscles function?

A

Antagonist
Agonist
Fixator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an Agonist?

A

Muscles responsible for the movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an Antagonist?

A

Muscles that relax in response to the active muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a Fixator?

A

Muscles that help to stabilise the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle contraction?

A

Isometric
Concentric
Eccentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an isometric contraction?

A

Contractions that happen when a movement is stationary
e.g. handstand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a concentric contraction?

A

When muscles shorten under tension
e.g. bicep curl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an eccentric contraction?

A

When muscles lengthen under tension
e.g. press up

17
Q

What are voluntary muscles?

A

Muscles under conscious control

18
Q

What are involuntary muscles?

A

Muscles not under conscious control

19
Q

What are the muscle fibre types?

A

Type 1 - slow twitch/ slow oxidative
Type 2a - fast twitch/ fast oxidative
Type 2b - fast twitch/ fast glycolytic

20
Q

What is Hypertrophy?

A

Becomes bigger

21
Q

What is Hyperplasia?

A

number of muscle fibres increasing

22
Q

Type 1 muscle fibres

A

Slow twitch/ slow oxidative
Red in colour due to high myoglobin
Resistant to fatigue
Capable of producing large amounts of ATP
e.g. Marathon runner

23
Q

Type 2a muscle fibres

A

fast twitch/ fast oxidative
Combination of type 1 and 2b
Red in colour due to high myoglobin
Split ATP fast by using aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
Fast, strong muscles contractions
e.g. 400m sprinter

24
Q

Type 2b muscle fibres

A

Fast twitch/ fast glycolytic
White in colour due to low myoglobin
Produce ATP slowly by anaerobic metabolism
High fatigue
Short bursts of power
Can be trained into type 2a fibres
e.g. 100m sprinter

25
Q

Short term effects of the muscular system?

A

+ increased blood flow
+ increased energy availability
+ increased muscle temperature
+ increased muscle flexibility
- increased chance in muscle soreness
- fatigue
- myoglobin in muscles become depleted

26
Q

Long term effects of the muscular system?

A

+ increased muscle fibre thickness
+ increased strength and speed of contractions
+ increased number of muscle fibres
+ increased availability of fuel source
+ fibres develop bigger capillary beds
- overuse injuries

27
Q

Effects of a warm up on the muscular system?

A

Reduced risk of injury
Increased muscle flexibility
Improved circulation
Enhanced performance

28
Q

Effects of a cool down on the muscular system?

A

Reduced muscle stiffness and pain
Reduced risk of injury

Sports - Unit 1: Body systems and physical activity (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions