muscular system Flashcards
what are the main muscles?
- deltoid
- pectoralis major
- latissimus dorsi
- trapezius
- bicep and tricep
- rectus abdominis
- external oblique
- haamstring
- quadricep
- tibialis anterior
- gluteus maximus
- gastrocnemius
anterior definition
at the front of the body
posterior definition
at the back of the body
inferior definition
below ______
e.g. the bicep is inferior to the deltoid
superior definition
above _____
e.g. the pectoralis major is superior to the rectus abdominis
what are the three types of muscles?
- smooth
- skeletal
- cardiac
what are caridac muscles?
- makes up the majority of the heart (since the heart is a muscle)
- non-voluntary muscle
- straited appearance
what are smooth muscles?
- located around the outside of internal organs
- non-volunatry muscle
- cylindrical appearance
e.g. digestive and circulatory system
what are skeletal muscles?
- responsible for providing movement performed daily
- connects bones via tendons
- voluntary muscle
- straited appearance
what are the two types of isotonic contractions?
- concentric - muscle shortens whule producing the force
e.g. flexion of the forearm during a bicep curl - eccentric - muscle lengthens while producing the force
e.g. extenssion of forearm during a bicep curl
what is a isometric contraction?
when the muscle does not change length ehile producing a force.
e.g. a static plank
what are agonist muscles function?
The muscle contracts to produce a movement at a joint, thus shortening in length.
what are antagonist muscle function?
The muscle relaxes in order for the agonist muscle to produce movement, thus lengthening.
what is the relationship between agonist and antagonist muscles?
The agonist muscle contracts while the antagonist muscles lengthens to produce movement. Both muscles work together with the aid of synergists.
insertion definition
The point of attachment at the moveable end. This end tends to be away from the body’s main mass.
