Muscular system Flashcards
The muscle fascicle arrangement of the orbicularis oris is best characterized as
circular
Which of these papillae categories does not contain taste buds?
Filiform papillae
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates around the brain between the
Arachnoid and pia maters
Largest pure endocrine gland in the body.
Thyroid gland
Actin and myosin shorten while the muscle is contracting.
false
The terms rostral and caudal refer to ______.
Toward the snout and toward the tail, respectively
Of the surrounding connective tissues of the muscle, the endomysium is the most superficial.
false
A prime mover of arm abduction is the
deltoid
Ceruminous glands are seen in
External acoustic meatus
A muscle with fascicles that insert into only one side of the tendon is categorized as
unipennate.
One of the largest and strongest muscles in the body is the gluteus maximus in the buttocks, which is important in these diverse muscular activities: walking, running, and jumping. It must consist of
a mixture of fiber types.
The area that contains no thin filaments is known as the
H zone.
Which of the following are involved in the maintenance of equilibrium of the body.
Vestibule and semicircular canals
The hormone released by the endocrine cells of the heart
Atrial natriuretic peptide
The biceps brachii has this fascicle arrangement, which maximizes the range of motion possible.
parallel
Membranous structure embedded with the tips of cochlear hair cells.
Tectorial membrane
Muscle tissue can be characterized as being excitable and elastic, but not extensible.
Astrocytes
Movement of which protein directly causes exposure of the active sites on the actin molecule?
Tropomyosin
An endocrine and exocrine gland?
Pancreas
The small area of the retina just opposite to pupil contain mostly cone cells
fovea
A structure that acts as a bridge between the medulla and midbrain
pons
Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone?
TSH
The pectoralis major is an example of a muscle with this type of fascicle arrangement, that tends to be triangular in shape.
convergent
The oil component found in tears is produced by the
tarsal glands
The arrangement of muscle fascicles in a sphincter is
circular.
In limbs, the insertions of muscles almost always lie ________ to their origins.
distal
Outer bony Labyrinth is filled with a fluid called
Perilymph
A muscle fascicle is
a bundle of cells.
Which of the following are parts of a multipolar neuron?
Soma, axon, dendrite
Of the various types of skeletal muscle fibers, the fibers that experience fatigue sooner are
fast glycolytic fibers.
Schwann cells are one of many types of ________ cells in the nervous system.
Neuroglial
Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers wrapped together within perimysium.
true
In striated muscle cells, which of these structures stores calcium ions that trigger contraction?
the terminal cisterns
The synaptic cleft is the space between the terminal bouton and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber.
true
What are the receptor cell (s) present in the spiral organ or organ of Corti?
Inner and outer hair cells
The deepest muscle of the anterior abdominal wall is the
transversus abdominis.
The only muscle cells that branch are ________ muscle cells.
cardiac
Which of the following has a pigment which imparts a black, brown, and blue color to the eyes?
iris
Filaments of the olfactory receptor cells synapse with these cells of the olfactory tract.
Mitral cells
In both parallel and unipennate muscles, the muscle fibers extend the length of the muscle, from origin to insertion.
False
Which of these is not in direct contact with thick myofilaments?
synaptic vesicles
This type of muscle attaches to bone, but may also attach to skin, cartilage, fascia or a raphe.
skeletal muscle
This type of muscle contains intercalated discs.
cardiac muscle
Kinocilium and stereocilia are sensory cilia and hairs of
Macula of vestibule /otolith organ
In skeletal muscle fibers, which band or zone contains both thick and thin myofilaments?
A
The Z disks, sometimes referred to as Z lines, define each sarcomere at both ends.
true
The rectus femoris demonstrates this type of muscle fascicle arrangement.
bipennate
Of the various types of skeletal muscle fibers, the fibers most resistant to fatigue are
slow oxidative fibers.
Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, the retina has no photosensitive cells and the images falling in this area cannot be perceived. This area is the
Blindspot
Skeletal muscle is responsible for movements of the appendages, but not the abdomen.
false
The ability of the sarcolemma of muscle cells to conduct an impulse is an example of
excitability
Which region of the sarcomere does not change in length during contraction?
A band
When a prime mover is contracted, the antagonists are stretched, but typically relaxed.
true
Which among the following are examples of steroid hormones?
Sex hormones and adrenal cortical hormones
Contractions of these muscles are under voluntary control.
skeletal muscle
The hamstrings consist of the biceps femoris, the semitendinosus, and the semimembranosus.
True
Both cardiac muscle and this type of muscle are called involuntary.
smooth muscle
What are the three bones in the middle ear called?
Malleus, incus, stapes
All of these are functions of muscle tissue except
line surfaces in the body
An axon conducts nerve impulses _________ the cell body.
Away from
The hormone _____ causes the contractions of labor.
Oxytocin
Foramen of Monro
The connection between the 3rd and the lateral ventricles
The brain stem consists of the
Midbrain, medulla, and pons
Which of these is not an endocrine gland?
spleen
Color perception in man is due to _______
Iodopsin present in cone cells
Muscle tissue is endowed with all of the following properties except
transmissibility.
This type of muscle is found in the heart.
cardiac
A prime mover for extension of the forearm at the elbow is the
triceps brachii
How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary?
0
Acetylcholine
binds to the sarcolemma and initiates an impulse in the muscle fiber.
During contraction, the A band of a sarcomere shortens.
false
The Tympanic membrane is connected to
Malleus
When a person cries heavily, many times their nose begins to “run.” This is because tears from the eyes will pass through the __________ and enter the nasal cavity.
Nasolacrimal duct
The muscles responsible to move the eyeball are the
2 recti and 2 oblique muscles
It is easy to confuse the terms sulcus and gyrus on the cerebral cortex. What is the difference between these two terms?
The gyrus is a ridge, and a sulcus is a groove.
What is meningitis?
Inflammation of the meninges
The receptors which are sensitive to taste and smell are called
Chemoreceptors
Which of these is not a criterion for naming a muscle?
color
The prime mover is also known as the antagonist.
false
The fascicles of the biceps brachii muscle have this type of arrangement.
fusiform
Contraction of a muscle cell requires the influx of calcium into the sarcoplasm.
True
The repeating segments seen in a skeletal muscle fiber are the T tubules.
False
What is the scientific term for the “white of the eye”, the part surrounding the eyeball?
Sclera
Which of the following cells are not present in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas?
K cells
The concentration of hormones in the blood is regulated by:
Positive and negative feedback loops
An aponeurosis is
a sheet of dense connective tissue.
Which of the following correctly defines a triad of the sarcomere?
a T tubule and two adjacent terminal cisterns
You would expect that your pupils would be smallest when you are
Sitting on the beach on a very sunny day.
The organ of Corti is found in the __________.
Cochlear duct
The prime mover for trunk flexion when doing a sit-up is the
rectus abdominis.
What structure separates the Scala vestibuli from the Scala media?
Basilar membrane
Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Of the various types of skeletal muscle fibers, the type with the most mitochondria is
slow oxidative fibers.
This type of muscle includes the fast oxidative fibers.
skeletal muscle
Endoplasmic reticulum present in muscle cells
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
A prime mover for leg extension at the knee is the
rectus femoris.
The origin of a muscle can also be an insertion, depending on the position of the body and the movement being performed.
true
The layer of connective tissue that surrounds the whole skeletal muscle is the
epimysium
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the pituitary gland?
Glucagon
The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ________.
nerve axons
This type of muscle makes up the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach and uterus.
smooth muscle
Which of these regions of the brain has frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobes, and insula?
Cerebrum
Endocrine cells of the pineal gland?
Pinealocytes
Which of the following correctly defines a triad of the sarcomere?
a T tubule and two adjacent terminal cisterns
The terms rostral and caudal refer to ______.
Toward the snout and toward the tail, respectively
This type of muscle is found in the heart.
cardiac muscle
Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Which of the following cells are not present in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas?
K cells
The small area of the retina just opposite to pupil contain mostly cone cells
fovea
Which of these regions of the brain has frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobes, and insula?
Cerebrum
The rectus femoris demonstrates this type of muscle fascicle arrangement.
Bipennate
Largest pure endocrine gland in the body.
Thyroid Gland
This type of muscle attaches to bone, but may also attach to skin, cartilage, fascia or a raphe.
Skeletal
Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers wrapped together within perimysium.
True
Which of the following are parts of a multipolar neuron?
Soma, axon, dendrite
Of the surrounding connective tissues of the muscle, the endomysium is the most superficial.
False
Which among the following are examples of steroid hormones?
Sex hormones and adrenal cortical hormones
An aponeurosis is
a sheet of dense connective tissue.
What are the receptor cell (s) present in the spiral organ or organ of Corti?
Inner and outer hair cells
The Z disks, sometimes referred to as Z lines, define each sarcomere at both ends.
True
