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Pe Year 12 > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder muscles

A

Deltoid, pectorals major, trapezius

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2
Q

Elbow muscles

A

Bicep bracci, tricep bracci

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3
Q

Radio-ulna muscles

A

Pronator teres, supinator muscle

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4
Q

Knee muscle

A

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis/laterallis/intermedius

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5
Q

Ankle muscle

A

Soleus, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior

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6
Q

Types of muscle contraction

A

Isometric, concentric, eccentric

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7
Q

calf muscles

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus

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8
Q

Fixator muscle

A

Helps stabilise a joint

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9
Q

Isometric

A

No movement

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10
Q

Concentric

A

Muscle shortens as in contracts, against gravity

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11
Q

Eccentric

A

Muscle lengthens as it contracts

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12
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increases size of a muscle

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13
Q

Contraction time

A

Speed at which muscle contracts

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14
Q

Motor neurone

A

Number of muscle fibres attatched to a single nerve

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15
Q

Resistance to fatigue

A

How quickly fibres get tired

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16
Q

Forced production

A

How hard fibres contract

17
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power house of body, provides energy to muscle fibres using oxygen

18
Q

Capillary density

A

Provide opportunity for oxygen to diffuse into muscles

19
Q

Oxidative capacity

A

Muscles capacity to use oxygen when working

20
Q

Glycolytic capacity

A

Body’s capacity to use glycogen when working

21
Q

Major fuel

A

Preferred fuel source the muscle likes to use

22
Q

Hyperplasia

A

The muscle fibres split to increase their numbers

23
Q

Slow twitch fibre (type 1)

A

Slow contractile speed of muscle fibres, energy source is fats, aerobic

24
Q

Fast oxidative twitch fibre (type 2A)

A

Medium contractile speed of muscle fibres, uses glycogen for energy, anaerobic

25
Q

Fast glycolytic (type 2B)

A

Fast contractile speed of muscle fibres, uses glycogen for energy, anaerobic

26
Q

Shin muscle

A

Tibius anteria

27
Q

Slow twitch oxidative features

A

Many mitochondria, high myoglobin, small in size

28
Q

Fast twitch oxidative features

A

Medium PC stores, moderate capillaries, medium size

29
Q

Fast glycolytic fibres features

A

Large size, few mitochondria, low myoglobin

30
Q

Effects of a warm up

A

Increases blood flow to the muscles, increases muscle temperature

31
Q

Effects of a cool down

A

Removal of lactic acid, maintains blood flow to Prevent pooling

32
Q

Agonist muscle for flexion at the shoulder

A

Anterior deltoid

33
Q

Agonist and antagonist for Adduction at the shoulder

A

Latissimus dorsi and deltoid

34
Q

Agonist and antagonist for horizontal flexion

A

Pectorallis major and posterior deltoid

35
Q

Agonist and antagonist for medial rotation

A

Trapezius and teres major

36
Q

Agonist and antagonist for flexion at the hip

A

Iliopsoas and gluteus maximus

37
Q

Agonist and antagonist for abduction at the hip

A

Gluteus medius & minimus and adductor longus

Pe Year 12 (7 decks)

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