Muscular-Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
5 functions of the bones
A
- framework and support
- protection
- storage
- movement
- blood cell formation
2
Q
Depressed fracture
A
- broken bone portion pressed inward
- typical of skull fractures
3
Q
Compression fracture
A
- bone is crushed
- common in porous bones (osteoporotic bones of older people)
4
Q
Spiral fracture
A
- ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone
- common sports fracture
5
Q
Impacted fracture
A
- broken bone ends are forced into each other
- commonly occurs when someone attempts to break a fall with outstretched arms
6
Q
Greenstick fracture
A
- bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks
- common in children (bones are more flexible)
7
Q
Comminuted fracture
A
- bone breaks into many fragments
- common in older people with brittle bones
8
Q
Simple vs. Compound
A
Simple (closed) fractures do not penetrate the skin, while compound (open) fractures do penetrate the skin
9
Q
Ligaments
A
connect bone to bone
10
Q
Tendons
A
connect muscle to bone
11
Q
Joint
A
the point where two bones meet
12
Q
Cartilage
A
- fibrous material (connective tissue)
- strong but flexible
- cushions bones, slippery surface to allow movement
e. g. ears and nose
13
Q
4 functions of muscles
A
- Movement
- Stability
- Generate heat
- Additional functions (protect organs, regulate passage of substances)
14
Q
Properties of muscles
A
- excitability
- elasticity
- contractibility
- extensibility
15
Q
Skeletal muscle
A
- attached to bones, or for some facial muscles, to skin
- voluntary
- no rhythmic contraction
