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AnatomyOP > Muscular Part 1 > Flashcards

Muscular Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Smallest level of orginization in muscle tissue

A

Muscle fiber (Cell)

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2
Q

Bundle of muscle fibers

A

Muscle fascicles

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3
Q

What cell membrane surrounds the muscle fiber?

A

Endomysium

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4
Q

What is the connective tissue layer that wraps around the entire muscle fascicle?

A

Perimysium

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5
Q

Collection of multiple muscle fascicles is a

A

Skeletal muscle

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6
Q

What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds the skeletal muscle?

A

Epimysium

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7
Q

What is the point of junction between muscle fibers and bone?

A

Tendon

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8
Q

The endomysium, perimysium and epimysium fuse together at the distal or proximal end of muscle to form what?

A

Tendon

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9
Q

What controls the skeletal muscle system?

A

Central nervous system

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10
Q

A flat tendon usually in the form of a broad sheet; formed by collagen fibers that connect muscles to each other

Like tendons but don’t connect to bone

A

Aponeurosis

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11
Q

What is the smallest functional contractile unit of muscle fiber?

A

Sarcomere

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12
Q

How many sarcomeres in a myofibril?

A

10,000

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13
Q

What is another name for a muscle cell?

A

Myofibril

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14
Q

What is the reservoir for calcium called in a muscle fiber?

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

The structure between a z line and the next z line

A

Sarcomere

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16
Q

Attached or anchored thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

A

Z line

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17
Q

Section of sarcomere with no overlapping of filaments

A

H band

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18
Q

Area where only thin filaments are present in sarcomere

A

I band

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19
Q

Area where thick filaments are present in sarcomere

A

A band

20
Q

A protein that forms the contractile filaments of muscle cells

A

Actin

21
Q

Active sites in thin filaments of muscle fibers are blocked by what protein?

A

Tropomyosin

22
Q

Protein complex located right on top of tropomyosin that is very sensitive to concentrations of calcium

A

Troponin

23
Q

When calcium binds to ___________ this triggers a change in shape and the molecules of the actin strand move out of the way to expose the yellow active site of actin

A

Troponin

24
Q

Thick filament of muscle fiber is by

A

Myosin

25
Q

What are the three structural section of myosin?

A

Tail, hinge, and head

26
Q

Describe the basic structure of a sarcomere

A

Composed of thick and thin filaments and form bands/lines

27
Q

Why do skeletal muscle fibers appear striated when viewed through a light microscope?

A

Because of the arrangement of thick and thin filaments

28
Q

Where would you expect the greatest concentration of calcium ions to be in a resting skeletal muscle fiber?

A

In the sarcoplasmic reticulum

29
Q

The result of skeletal muscle contraction is

A

Tension

30
Q

Movement will only occur if ________ is greater than _________

A

Tension, resistance

31
Q

Muscles can only produce _________ forces

A

Tension

32
Q

A product of the number of cross bridges a fiber contains

A

Tension

33
Q

Variation in tension can occur based on

A

The amount of overlap of the myofilaments and the frequency of stimulation

34
Q

A single stimulation relaxation cycle

A

Muscle twitch

35
Q

What are the three stages of a muscle twitch

A

Latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase

36
Q

This is what happens when the stimulus occurs repeatedly and a response is triggered before full relaxation is achieved

A

Summation

37
Q

Near peak tension with very little relaxation (more extreme form of summation)

A

Incomplete tetanus

38
Q

When stimuli are so frequent that relaxation never happens

A

Complete tetanus

39
Q

Defined as a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers is supplies

A

Motor units

40
Q

For fine control movements, you use how many motor units per neuron

A

1

41
Q

The tension of muscles at rest

A

Muscle tone

42
Q

What is the primary function of muscle tone

A

To stabilize the joint

43
Q

When muscle that is not regularly stimulated becomes weaker and smaller

A

Atrophy

44
Q

What happens when the length of the muscle changes but the tension remains the same until relaxation

A

Isotonic contraction

45
Q

What happens when the whole muscle length stays the same and the tension produced does not exceed the load

A

Isometric contraction

AnatomyOP (7 decks)

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