Muscular Part 1

Question 1

Smallest level of orginization in muscle tissue

Answer 1

Muscle fiber (Cell)

Question 2

Bundle of muscle fibers

Answer 2

Muscle fascicles

Question 3

What cell membrane surrounds the muscle fiber?

Answer 3

Endomysium

Question 4

What is the connective tissue layer that wraps around the entire muscle fascicle?

Answer 4

Perimysium

Question 5

Collection of multiple muscle fascicles is a

Answer 5

Skeletal muscle

Question 6

What is the connective tissue layer that surrounds the skeletal muscle?

Answer 6

Epimysium

Question 7

What is the point of junction between muscle fibers and bone?

Answer 7

Tendon

Question 8

The endomysium, perimysium and epimysium fuse together at the distal or proximal end of muscle to form what?

Answer 8

Tendon

Question 9

What controls the skeletal muscle system?

Answer 9

Central nervous system

Question 10

A flat tendon usually in the form of a broad sheet; formed by collagen fibers that connect muscles to each other

Like tendons but don’t connect to bone

Answer 10

Aponeurosis

Question 11

What is the smallest functional contractile unit of muscle fiber?

Answer 11

Sarcomere

Question 12

How many sarcomeres in a myofibril?

Answer 12

10,000

Question 13

What is another name for a muscle cell?

Answer 13

Myofibril

Question 14

What is the reservoir for calcium called in a muscle fiber?

Answer 14

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

The structure between a z line and the next z line

Answer 15

Sarcomere

Question 16

Attached or anchored thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Answer 16

Z line

Question 17

Section of sarcomere with no overlapping of filaments

Answer 17

H band

Question 18

Area where only thin filaments are present in sarcomere

Answer 18

I band

Question 19

Area where thick filaments are present in sarcomere

Answer 19

A band

Question 20

A protein that forms the contractile filaments of muscle cells

Answer 20

Actin

Question 21

Active sites in thin filaments of muscle fibers are blocked by what protein?

Answer 21

Tropomyosin

Question 22

Protein complex located right on top of tropomyosin that is very sensitive to concentrations of calcium

Answer 22

Troponin

Question 23

When calcium binds to ___________ this triggers a change in shape and the molecules of the actin strand move out of the way to expose the yellow active site of actin

Answer 23

Troponin

Question 24

Thick filament of muscle fiber is by

Answer 24

Myosin

Question 25

What are the three structural section of myosin?

Answer 25

Tail, hinge, and head

Question 26

Describe the basic structure of a sarcomere

Answer 26

Composed of thick and thin filaments and form bands/lines

Question 27

Why do skeletal muscle fibers appear striated when viewed through a light microscope?

Answer 27

Because of the arrangement of thick and thin filaments

Question 28

Where would you expect the greatest concentration of calcium ions to be in a resting skeletal muscle fiber?

Answer 28

In the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

The result of skeletal muscle contraction is

Answer 29

Tension

Question 30

Movement will only occur if ________ is greater than _________

Answer 30

Tension, resistance

Question 31

Muscles can only produce _________ forces

Answer 31

Tension

Question 32

A product of the number of cross bridges a fiber contains

Answer 32

Tension

Question 33

Variation in tension can occur based on

Answer 33

The amount of overlap of the myofilaments and the frequency of stimulation

Question 34

A single stimulation relaxation cycle

Answer 34

Muscle twitch

Question 35

What are the three stages of a muscle twitch

Answer 35

Latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase

Question 36

This is what happens when the stimulus occurs repeatedly and a response is triggered before full relaxation is achieved

Answer 36

Summation

Question 37

Near peak tension with very little relaxation (more extreme form of summation)

Answer 37

Incomplete tetanus

Question 38

When stimuli are so frequent that relaxation never happens

Answer 38

Complete tetanus

Question 39

Defined as a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers is supplies

Answer 39

Motor units

Question 40

For fine control movements, you use how many motor units per neuron

Answer 40

1

Question 41

The tension of muscles at rest

Answer 41

Muscle tone

Question 42

What is the primary function of muscle tone

Answer 42

To stabilize the joint

Question 43

When muscle that is not regularly stimulated becomes weaker and smaller

Answer 43

Atrophy

Question 44

What happens when the length of the muscle changes but the tension remains the same until relaxation

Answer 44

Isotonic contraction

Question 45

What happens when the whole muscle length stays the same and the tension produced does not exceed the load

Answer 45

Isometric contraction