Muscles/ walls of pelvic floor Flashcards
how many walls does the pelvic cavity have?
4 - antero-inferior, posterior and x2 lateral walls
how is the antero-inferior wall formed?
formed by bodies and rami of pubic bones and pubic symphysis
which muscle lies in the posterior wall of the pelvid?
piriformis m.
where does the sacral plexus lie?
in front of the piriformis m. on the posterior wall of the pelvic cavity
what is the sacral plexus formed of?
anterior rami of: 4th & 5th lumbar nerves and 1-4th sacral nerves
where is the perineal body and what does it contain?
junction of the urogenital and anal triangles - contains skeletal and smooth muscle and collagenous and elastic fibres
where is the anococcygeal body?
floor of pelvis - extends between coccyx and anus
which 2 muscles make up the majority of the pelvic floor?
coccygeus & levator ani
what is levator ani m. made up of?
3 paired separate muscles - puborectalis, pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus
2 functions of the pelvic floor?
supports abdominopelvic viscera & urinary/faecal continence
innervation of pelvic floor?
anterior ramus of S4 and branches of the pudendal nerve (roots S2, S3 and S4).
define cystocele?
part of the bladder wall bulges into the vagina
define rectocele?
part of rectum wall bulges into vagina
in childbirth, which type of episiotomy is favourable and why?
mediolateral > midline - less risk of anal tearing
name 3 things contained within male pelvic viscera?
bladder, prostate and rectum
