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ATHLETIC THERAPY > Muscles - Upper Torso > Flashcards

Muscles - Upper Torso Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

o. Occipital bone, ligamentum nichae, spines of thoracic vertebrae
i. Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula
a. Elevate scapula, upward rotation of shoulder, adduction of scapula

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2
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor

A

o. Spinous processes of C7-T5
i. Medial border of scapula
a. Adduction of scapula, rotation of point of shoulder downward

  • Chin-up activity, rhomboids draw the scapula’s medial border downward toward spinal column.
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3
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

o. Lateral surface of the upper 8 ribs
i. Medial border of the scapula, anterior surface
a. Abducts the scapula and causes upward rotation of the point of the shoulder.

  • Used in the propulsive phase of throwing a baseball; called the “boxers muscles” as used in throwing a punch
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4
Q

Levator Scapula

A

o. Transverse process of the C1-C4
i. Superior angle of scapula
a. Elevates the medial border of the scapula

  • Used to shrug the shoulder, along with trapezius
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5
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

o. outer surface of ribs 3-5
i. coracoid process of scapula
a. along with serratus anterior, it abducts or protracts scapula. contrary to serratus anterior, the pectoralis minor causes downward rotation of the point of the shoulder

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6
Q

Deltoid - Spinal Head, Acromial Head, Clavicular Head

A

o.
spinal: spine of scapula
acromial: acromion
clavicular: clavicle
i. deltoid tuberosity of humerus
a.
spinal: extension of shoulder, lateral rotation of humerus
acromial: shoulder abduction
clavicular: flexion of shoulder and medial rotation of humerus

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7
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

o. medial part of clavicle and costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
i. bicipital groove of humerus
a. flexion of shoulder, extension of flexed shoulder, medial rotation of humerus, adduction of humerus, horizontal flexion

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

o. back of sacrum, lumbar vertebrae, lower thoracic vertebrae
i. bicipital groove of humerus
a. shoulder extension, humerus medial rotation , humerus adduction

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9
Q

Supraspinatus

A

o. supraspinous fossa of scapula
i. greater tubercle of humerus
a. provides strength and stability to shoulder joint, initiates shoulder abducttion

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10
Q

Muscles responsible for shoulder abduction from:
Initiation
Up to 90 degrees
Past 90 degrees

A

Initiation: Supraspinatus
Up to 90: deltoid
Past 90: trapezius, serratus anterior

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11
Q

Infraspinatus

A

o. infraspinous fossa of scapula
i. greater tubercle of humerus
a. provides strength to posterior component of shoulder joint capsule, lateral rotation of humerus

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12
Q

Teres Minor

A

o. lateral border of scapula
i. greater tubercle below insertion of infraspinatus
a. provides posterior support of shoulder capsule, lateral rotation of humerus, adduction of humerus

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13
Q

Subscapularis

A

o. sub scapular fossa of scapula
i. lesser tubercle of humerus
a. anterior strength two shoulder joint capsule, medial rotation of humerus, adducts humerus

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14
Q

Teres Major

A

o. lateral border of scapula
i. bicipital groove of humerus
a. shoulder extension, medial rotation of humerus

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15
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

o.
Short Head (Medial): coracoid process of scapula
Long Head (Lateral): Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
i. radial tuberosity
a. shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, forearm supination

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16
Q

Triceps

A

o.
Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Medial Head: posterior/medial aspect of humerus (medial & inferior to spiral line)
Lateral Head: posterior lateral aspect of humerus, lateral and superior to spiral line
i. olecranon process of ulna
a.
long head: shoulder extension, elbow extension
medial & lateral head: elbow extension

  • medial and lateral head do NOT act across shoulder joint
17
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

o. coracoid process of scapula
i. medial side of shaft of humerus
a. shoulder flexion

18
Q

Brachialis

A

o. anterior shaft of humerus
i. coronoid process of ulna, ulnar tuberosity
a. elbow flexion

19
Q

Brachioradialis

A

o. shaft of humerus, just above lateral humeral epicondyle
i. styloid process of radius
a. elbow flexion when forearm is in semi-pronated position

20
Q

Supinator

A

o. lateral epicondyle of humerus
i. anterolateral surface of radius, distal to radial tuberosity
a. supination of forearm, assists elbow extension

21
Q

Pronator Teres

A
  • First Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. medial epicondyle of humerus
    i. lateral surface of radius (same level of supinator)
    a. assists in flexion of elbow, used in pronation of forearm
22
Q

Palmar Aponeurosis

A

layer of tendon covering palm of hand
insertion for palmaris longus
protects vessels and tendons in palm

23
Q

Flexor Retinaculum

A

ulnar side: pisiform, hook of hamate
radial side: tubercle of scaphoid
band of connective tissue

24
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A
  • First Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. medial epicondyle of humerus
    i. base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal (under flexor retinaculum)
    a. elbow flexion, wrist flexion & abduction
25
Q

Palmaris Longus

A
  • First Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. medial epicondyle of humerus
    i. palmar aponeurosis
    a. elbow flexion, wrist flexion, over flexor retinaculum
26
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A
  • First Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. medial epicondyle of humerus, upper part of ulna
    i. pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal, under flexor retinaculum
    a. elbow flexion, wrist flexion & adduction
27
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A
  • Second Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. medial epicondyle fo humerus, coronoid process and shaft of radius
    i. 4 tendons each attaching to middle phalanx of 4 medial digits
    a. elbow flexion, wrist flexion, flexion of metacarpal-phalangeal and 1st interphalangeal joints
28
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A
  • Third Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. upper anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
    i. distal phalanx of 4 medial digits
    a. wrist flexion, flexion of metacarpal-phalangeal and 1st, 2nd interphalangeal joints
29
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A
  • Third Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. anterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
    i. distal phalanx of thumb
    a. wrist flexion, flexion of carpal-metacarpal, metacarpal-phalangeal and interphalangeal joints of thumb
30
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A
  • Fourth Layer of Forearm Muscles*
    o. distal end of ulna
    i. distal end of radius
    a. forearm pronation
31
Q

Carpal Tunel Syndrome

A

Inflammation of the synovial tubes

Tendons of muscles in carpal tunnel pass in tubes of synovial membraned (smooth surface to slide)

ATHLETIC THERAPY (8 decks)

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