Muscles Unit 1 - Large Animal Flashcards
Brachiocephalicus m. parts? species differences? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
origin - clavicular intersection
occipital part (RUMINANTS)
insertion - nuchal line and funicular nuchal lig.
innervation - accessory n. (CN XI)
mastoid part
insertion - mastoid process
innervation - accessory n. (CN (XI)
brachial part
insertion - crest of humerus
innervation - axillary n.
action - draw limb cranially to extend shoulder joint; pull head and neck laterally
Cutaneous colli m. species differences? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
better developed in HORSES
origin - manubrium
insertion - superficial fascia and mastoid part of brachiocephalicus m.
innervation - facial n. (CN VII)
action - tighten and move skin on ventral neck
Omotransversarius m. species differences? attachments? innervation? action?
HORSE attachments - shoulder fascia TO transverse processes of C1-C4
RUMINANT attachments - acromion of scapula TO wing of atlas and transverse process of axis (OX only)
innervation - accessory (CN XI) and cervical spinal nn.
action - draw limb cranially to extend shoulder joint; pull neck laterally
Sternocephalicus m. parts? species differences? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
origin - manubrium
mandibular insertions
HORSE - caudal angle of mandible
OX - rostral border of masseter m., ventral border of mandible, depressor labii inferioris m.
GOAT - zygomatic arch and lateral surface of masseter m.
mastoid insertion (RUMINANTS) - mastoid process
innervation - accessory n. (CN XI)
actions - flex head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
Omohyoideus m. species differences? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
HORSE - longer than in ruminants
origin - subscapular fascia
insertion - lingual process of basihyoid bone
RUMINANTS
origin - deep fascia from C3-4 vertebrae
insertion - basihyoid bone
innervation - C1 spinal n.
action - draw hyoid apparatus caudally
Sternothyroideus m.
origin/insertion?
action?
origin - manubrium
insertion - thyroid cartilage of larynx
action - draw hyoid apparatus caudally
Sternohyoideus m.
origin/insertion?
action?
origin - manubrium
insertion - basihyoid bone
action - draw hyoid apparatus caudally
Trapezius m. parts? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
origin - funicular nuchal lig.
cervical insertion - spine of scapula
thoracic insertion - see later
innervation - accessory n.
action - elevate scapula
Serratus ventralis m. parts? origin/insertion? innervation? action?
cervical origin - transverse processes of last 4-5 cervical vertebrae
thoracic origin - see later
insertion - serrated face of scapula
innervation - C5-C8 spinal nn. and long thoracic n.
action - main m. of support to trunk; flex shoulder joint
Rhomboideus m.
parts?
origin/insertion?
action?
cervical origin - funicular nuchal lig.
thoracic origin - see later
insertion - scapular cartilage
action - draw scapula dorsally and cranially
Splenius m.
species differences?
origin/insertion?
action?
HORSE
origin - nuchal lig. and spinous processes of T3-T5 vertebrae
insertion - mastoid process, nuchal crest, transverse processes of C2-C5 vertebrae
RUMINANTS
origin - nuchal lig. and spinous processes of T1-T3 vertebrae
insertion - mastoid process, dorsolateral occipital bone, wing of atlas, transverse processes of C2-C3 (OX) or C2-C5 (SMALL RUMINANTS)
action - extend head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
Semispinalis capitis m.
species differences?
origin/insertion?
action?
HORSE origin - articular processes of cervical vertebrae, spinous processes of T3-T5 vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-T7 vertebrae
RUMINANTS origin - transverse processes of T1-T10 vertebrae, articular processes of C3-C7 vertebrae, nuchal lig.
insertion - occipital bone
action - main extensor of head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
Longissimus capitis m.
species differences?
origin/insertion?
action?
origin - articular processes of cervical vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-2 (HORSE) or C5-7 (RUMINANTS)
insertion - mastoid process
action - extend head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
Longissimus atlantis m.
species differences?
origin/insertion?
action?
origin - articular processes of cervical vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-2 (HORSE) or C5-7 (RUMINANTS)
insertion - wing of atlas
action - extend head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
Longus atlantis m.
species differences?
origin/insertion?
action?
RUMINANTS only
origin - transverse processes of C2-6
insertion - wing of atlas
action - flex head and neck; pull head and neck laterally
