Holes in the Skull - Small Animal Flashcards
What passes through the orbital fissure?
oculomotor nerve (CN III) trochlear nerve (CN IV) ophthalmic nerve (branch of CN V) abducens nerve (CN VI)
What passes through the optic canal?
optic nerve (CN II)
What passes through the rostral alar foramen (forming the alar canal)?
maxillary nerve (branch of CN V) maxillary artery
What passes through the round foramen?
maxillary nerve (branch of CN V)
What passes through the caudal alar foramen?
maxillary artery
What passes through the caudal palatine foramen?
major palatine vein
major palatine artery
major palatine nerve
What passes through the sphenopalatine foramen?
sphenopalatine vein
sphenopalatine artery
caudal nasal nerve
What passes through the maxillary foramen –> infraorbital foramen (forming the infraorbital canal)?
infraorbital vein
infraorbital artery
infraorbital nerve
What passes through the oval foramen?
mandibular nerve (branch of CN V)
What passes through the foramen lacerum?
internal carotid artery
What passes through the musculotubal canal?
auditory tube
What passes through the tympano-occipital fissure?
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X),
accessory nerve (CN XI), internal carotid artery,
venous radicles of the vertebral and jugular veins
sympathetic postganglionic axons from the cranial cervical ganglion
What passes through the hypoglossal canal?
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
What passes through the retroarticular foramen?
emissary vein from the temporal venous sinus
What passes through the stylomastoid foramen (opening to facial canal)?
facial nerve (CN VII)
What passes through the major and minor palatine foramen?
major palatine vein (branches)
major palatine artery (branches)
major palatine nerve (branches)
What passes through the foramen magnum?
spinal cord
What passes through the mastoid foramen?
caudal meningeal artery
caudal meningeal vein
What passes through the mandibular foramen (caudal opening of the mandibular canal)?
inferior alveolar vein
inferior alveolar artery
inferior alveolar nerve
What passes through the mental foramina?
mental nerves
What passes through the internal acoustic meatus?
facial nerve (CN VII) vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
What passes through the jugular foramen?
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) vagus nerve (CN X) accessory nerve (CN XI) sigmoid venous sinus
What passes through the condyloid canal?
transmits a venous sinus
What passes through the transverse canals?
transmits the dorsal sagittal venous –> transverse sinus
