Muscles; Origins, Insertions, and Actions Flashcards
Orbicularis Oculi
O: Medial orbit
I: Circular fibers around orbit
A: Close eye
Temporalis
O: Temporal
I: Coronoid process and Ramus of mandible
A: Elevate madible and Chewing
Masseter
O: Maxilla and Zygomatic
I: Ramus and Angle of mandible
A: Elevate mandible and Chewing
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternum and Clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal
A: Flex and rotate head
Sternohyoid
O: Sternum
I: Hyoid
A: Depress Hyoid
Thyrohyoid
O: Thyroid Cartilage
I: Hyoid
A: Depress Hyoid
Sternothyroid
O: Sternum
I: Thyroid Cartilage
A: Depress Hyoid
Diaphragm
O: Ribs, vertebrae, and xiphoid process
I: Central tendon
A: Respiration
Rectus Abdominis
O: O.pubis
I: Xiphoid process and ribs
A: Flexes vertebral column (curl forward)
Pectoralis Major
O: Clavicle, sternum, and ribs
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Adduction/ medial rotation of humerus
Pectoralis Minor
O: Ribs 2-3
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Depress scapula/ accessory muscle of respiration
Deltoid
O: Scapula and clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
A: Abduction of humerus
Latissimus dorsi
O: Sacrum, ilium, vertebrae, and, ribs
I: Proximal humerus
A: Adduction, medial rotation, and extension of humerus (Swimmer’s muscle)
Teres Major
O: Inferior angle of scapula
I: Proximal humerus
A: Extenstion, adduction, medial rotation of humerus
Biceps Brachii
O: long head: Glenoid of scapula; short head: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
A: Flexion of forearm, supination
Triceps brachii
O: long head (largest): Glenoid of scapula; lateral head: Lateral humerus; medial head: Posterior humerus
I: Olecranon of ulna
A: Extends forearm at elbow joint and arm at shoulder joint
Supinator
O: Distal humerus
I: Proximal radius
A: Supination of wrist/ hand
Gluteus Maximus
O: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: Proximal femur
A: Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Gluteus Medius
O: Ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abducts thigh at hip joint
Gracilis
O: Pubis
I: Proximal tibia
A: Adduction of femur
Rectus Femoris
O: Anterior inferior illiac spine
I: Patella
A: Flexes thigh (RF) at hip joint and extends leg at knee joint (all 4)
Sartorius “pirate muscle”
O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Proximal tibia
A: Flexes and laterally rotates femur, flexes tibia
Biceps Femoris
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Proximal fibula
A: Flex lower leg at the knee, hyperextend thigh at hip
Gastrocnemius
O: Condyles of femur
I: Calcaneus
A: Plantar flex the foot at the ankle (tip toes)
Flexor hallucis longus
O: Fibula
I: Distal hallux
A: Plantar flex and Plantar flex hallux
