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SES - Anatomy and Biomechanics Y1 > Muscles, origins and insertions > Flashcards

Muscles, origins and insertions Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 anterior muscles of the hip

A

Psoas major
Iliacus
Pectineus
Rectus femoris
Sartorius

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2
Q

Name the 2 iliopsoas

A

Psoas major
Iliacus

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the psoas major?

A

Origin - transverse processes of T12-L5
Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur

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4
Q

What are the 4 origins and the insertion of the iliacus?

A

Origins - iliac fossa, iliac crest, adjacent ligaments and anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion - onto tendon of psoas major to lesser trochanter of femur

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the pectineus?

A

Origin - pectineal line onto superior ramus of pubis
Insertion - lesser trochanter to linea aspera of femur

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6
Q

What are the 2 origins and the insertion of the rectus femoris?

A

Origins - anterior inferior iliac spine, ilium above acetabulum
Insertion - tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

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7
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the sartorius?

A

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion - anterior medial surface of tibia just below the condyle via pes anserinus

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8
Q

Name the 3 posterior muscle groups of the hip

A

Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings
6 deep external rotators

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9
Q

Name the 3 hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

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10
Q

Name the 6 deep external rotators

A

Obturator externus
Obturator internus
Gemellus superior
Gemellus inferior
Quadratus femoris
Piriformis

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11
Q

What are the 5 origins and 2 insertions of the gluteus maximus?

A

Origin - iliac crest, posterior gluteal line, posterior surface of sacrum, posterior coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion - gluteal tuberosity of femur, ITB

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12
Q

What are the 2 origins and 2 insertions of the biceps femoris?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity (long head), linea aspera of femur (short head)
Insertion - lateral head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the semimembranosus?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - medial condyle of tibia

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the semitendinosus?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertion - medial shaft of tibia via pes anserinus

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15
Q

Name the 4 medial muscles of the hip

A

Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Gracilis

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16
Q

What are the 2 origins and 2 insertions of the adductor magnus?

A

Origin - inferior ramus of pubis, ishcial tuberosity
Insertion - linea aspera, adductor tubercle of the femur

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17
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the adductor brevis?

A

Origin - inferior pubic ramus
Insertion - below lesser trochanter to linea aspera

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18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the adductor longus?

A

Origin - anterior body of pubis
Insertion - linea aspera of femur

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19
Q

What are the 2 origins and the insertion of the gracilis?

A

Origin - body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion - medial surface of shaft of tibia via pes anserinus

21
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus medius?

A

Origin - outer surface of ilium, inferior to iliac crest
Insertion - anterior surface of the greater trochanter

22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus minimus?

A

Origin - outer surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion - anterior surface of the greater trochanter

23
Q

What are the 2 origins and the insertion of the tensor fascia latae?

A

Origin - iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion - lateral condyle of tibia via ITB

24
Q

Which 3 muscles feed into the pes anserinus?

A

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus

25
Q

What are the 5 ligaments involved in stabilising the hip joint?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament
Ligamentum teres/teres femoris
Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament

26
Q

What are the 4 ligaments involved in stabilising the knee joint?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament
Posterior cruciate ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
Medial collateral ligament

27
Q

What is the iliotibial band (ITB)?

A

A strong band of connective tissue connecting the tensor fascia latae to the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral tuberosity of the tibia.

28
Q

What are the 4 anterior muscles of the knee?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

29
Q

What are the 3 origins and 2 insertions of the vastus lateralis?

A

Origin - intertrochanteric line, inferior border of greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion - lateral border of patella, patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

29
Q

What are the 2 origins and 2 insertions of the vastus medialis?

A

Origin - intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera
Insertion - medial border of patella, patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

30
Q

What are the 2 origins and 2 insertions of the vastus intermedius?

A

Origin - upper 2/3 of anterior surface of femur, linea aspera
Insertion - upper border of patella, patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

31
Q

Name the 6 posterior muscles of the knee

A

Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris

32
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the popliteus?

A

Origin - posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur
Insertion - upper posterior medial surface of tibia

33
Q

What are the 2 origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius?

A

Lateral condyle and posterior surface of femur

34
Q

What is the origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius?

A

Popliteal surface of femur, above medial condyle

35
Q

What is the insertion of the gastrocnemius?

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus

36
Q

What are the 2 origins and the insertion of the plantaris?

A

Origin - lateral supracondylar ridge of femur, oblique popliteal ligament
Insertion - posterior surface of calcaneus

37
Q

Name the 3 plantar arches

A

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch
Transverse arch

38
Q

Name the 3 anterior muscles of of the foot and ankle

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

39
Q

What are the 3 origins and 2 insertions of the tibialis anterior?

A

Origin - lateral condyle of tibia, upper half of lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion - medial surface of medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1

40
Q

What are the 3 origins and the insertion of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Origin - upper 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion - dorsal aspect of middle and distal phalanges of four lesser toes

41
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the extensor hallucis longus?

A

Origin - middle half of anterior surface of fibula
Insertion - base of distal phalanx

42
Q

Name the 5 posterior muscles of the foot and ankle

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibia posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

43
Q

What are the 2 muscles of triceps surae complex?

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus

SES - Anatomy and Biomechanics Y1 (5 decks)

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