Muscles Of The Vertebral Column

Question 1

Splenius (splenius capitis, splenius cervicis)

Answer 1

Layer: superficial
Group: splenius
O: spinous process qnd ligaments connecting inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae
I: mastoid process, occipital bone of skull, superior cervical vertebrae
A: the two sudes act together to extend neck; either alone rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side
N: cervical spinal neeves

Question 2

Spinalis cervicis

Answer 2

Layer: superficial
Group: erector spinae, spinalis group
O: inferior portion if ligamentym nuchar and soinius process of C7
I: spinous process of axis
A: extends neck
N: cervical nerves

Question 3

Spinalis thoracis

Answer 3

Layer: superficial
Group: erector spinae, spinalis group
O: spinous processes of inferior thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae
I: spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae
A: extends vertebral column
N: thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 4

Longissimus capitis

Answer 4

Layer: superficial
Group: erector spinae, longissimus group
O: transverse processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
A: the two sides act together to extend neck; either alone rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side
N: cervical and thoracic nerves

Question 5

Longissimus cervicis

Answer 5

Layer: superficial
Group: erector spinae, longissimus group
O: transverse processes ofnsuperior thoracic vertebrae
I: transverse processes of middle and superior cervical vertebrae
A: the two sides act together to extend neck; either alone rotates and laterally flexes neck to that side
N: cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Question 6

Longissimus thoracis

Answer 6

Layer: superficial
Group: erector spinae, longissimus grouo
O: broad aponeurosis and at transverse processes of inferior thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae; joins iliocostsls
I: transverse processes of superior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and inferior surfaces of lower 10 ribs
A: extension of vertebral column; alone, each produces lateral flexion to that sude
N: thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 7

Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, and thoracis regions)

Answer 7

Layer: deep to the spine
O: transverse processes of C7-T12
I: occipital bone (capitis) and spinous processes of cervical (cervicis) and thoracic vertebrae T1-T4 (thoracis)
A: (capitis) together, the two sides extend the neck; alone, each side extends and laterally flexes neck and turns head to opposite side; (cervicis and thoracis) extends vertebral column and rotates toward opposite side

Question 8

Multifidus

Answer 8

Layer: deep to the spine (transversospinalis)
O: sacrum and transverse process of each vertebrae
I: spinous processes of the 3rd or 4th more superior vertebrae
A: extends vertebral column and rotates toward opposite side

Question 9

Interspinales

Answer 9

Layer: deep to the spine
O: spinous process of each vertebra
I: spinous processes of more superior vertebra
A: extends vertebral column

Question 10

Intertransversarii

Answer 10

Layer: deep to the spine
O: transverse processes of each vertebra
I: transverse process of more superior vertebra
A: lateral flexion of vertebral column

Question 11

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 11

Layer: deep to the spine
O: iliac crest and lumbar fascia
I: transverse processes of upper lumbar vertebrae/ lower margin of 12th rib
A: together, they depress the ribs; flexes vertebral column laterally when acting separately; fixes floating ribs 11-12 during forced exhalation; assists in forced inhalation