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Upper Limb > Muscles of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Triceps Brachii (Lateral)

A

O: Posterolateral humerus proximal to radial groove
I: Olecranon process (triceps brachii tendon)
NS: Radial nerve (C6-C8)
A: Elbow extension

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2
Q

Triceps Brachii Medius

A

O: Posterolateral humerus distal to radial groove
I: Olecranon process (triceps brachii tendon)
NS: Radial nerve (C6-C8)
A: Elbow extension

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3
Q

Triceps Brachii (Long)

A

O: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Olecranon process (triceps brachii tendon)
NS: Radial nerve (C6-C8)
A: Elbow extension, shoulder extension and adduction

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4
Q

Biceps Brachii (Long)

A

O: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
NS: Musculocutaneous nerve
A: Supination, elbow flexion, arm flexion

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5
Q

Biceps Brachii (Short)

A

O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
NS: Musculocutaneous nerve
A: Supination, elbow flexion, arm flexion

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6
Q

Brachialis

A

O: Distal anterior surface of humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna
NS: Musculocutaneous nerve
A: Elbow flexion

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7
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Upper 1/3 anterior humerus
NS: Musculocutaneous nerve
A: Adduction, arm flexion, internal rotation

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8
Q

Pronator Teres

A

O: CFO
I: Lateral radius - distal to supinator
NS: Median nerve (C6-C7)
A: Pronation

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9
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

O: CFO
I: Base of 2nd and 3rd mets
NS: Median nerve (C6-C7)
A: Wrist flexion, hand abduction

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10
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

O: CFO
I: Palmar aponeurosis
NS: Median nerve (C6-C7)
A: Tightens palmar aponeurosis, wrist flexion

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11
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

O: CFO, medial olecranon
I: Pisiform, hook of hamate, base 5th met
NS: Ulnar nerve (C7-T1)
A: Wrist flexion, hand adduction

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12
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

O: Humeroulnar head: CFO; Radial head: middle 1/3 radius
I: Shafts of middle phalanges (2nd-5th)
NS: Median nerve (C8-T1)
A: Flexion of metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints (2nd-5th), wrist flexion

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13
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

O: Posterior and medial ulnar borders, interosseous membrane
I: Base and palmar surface of distal phalanges (2nd-5th)
NS: Median and ulnar nerves
A: Wrist flexion, flexion of metacarpophalangeal, proximal/distal interphalangeal joints (2nd-5th)

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14
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

O: Interosseous membrane, anterior surface radius
I: Palmar side of distal phalanx (1st)
NS: Median nerve
A: Wrist abduction, flexion of carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

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15
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

O: Anterior surface distal ulna
I: Anterior surface distal radius
NS: Median nerve
A: Pronation, stabilisation of distal radioulnar joint

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16
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge
I: Lateral styloid process (radius)
NS: Radial nerve (C5-C6)
A: Elbow flexion, pronation, supination

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17
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge
I: Dorsal base 2nd met
NS: Radial nerve (C5-C6)
A: Abduction of wrist

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18
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

O: CEO
I: Dorsal base 3rd met
NS: Deep Radial nerve (C7-C8)
A: Abduction of wrist

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19
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

O: CEO
I: Dorsal digital expansion of 2nd-5th digits
NS: Deep radial nerve
A: Wrist extension, extension of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (2nd-5th)

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20
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

O: CEO
I: Dorsal digital expansion 5th digit
NS: Posterior interosseous nerve
A: Wrist extension, ulnar abduction, abduction and extension of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (5th digit)

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21
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

O: CEO
I: Base of 5th met (medial)
NS: Deep Radial nerve (C7-C8)
A: Wrist extension and abduction

22
Q

Anconeus

A

O: CEO
I: Lateral olecranon, superior/posterior ulna
NS: Radial nerve
A: Elbow extension, locking of elbow

23
Q

Supinator

A

O: CEO
I: Proximal 1/3 lateral radius
NS: Deep Radial nerve (C6-C7)
A: Supination

24
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

O: Medial 1/3 posterior surface radius and ulna, interosseous membrane
I: Base of 1st met (radial side)
NS: Deep Radial nerve
A: Abduction of radiocarpal and carpometacarpal joints

25
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

A

O: Posterolateral surface of ulna, interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx
NS: Posterior interosseous nerve
A: Wrist extension and radial abduction, adduction of carpometacarpal joint, extension of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

26
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

A

O: Posterior surface distal radius, interosseous membrane
I: Base of proximal phalanx
NS: Posterior interosseous nerve
A: Abduction at radiocarpal joint, extension of carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints

27
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

O: Posterolateral surface ulna, interosseous membrane
I: Joins extensor digitorum tendon 2nd digit and insert into proximal digital expansion
NS: Posterior interosseous nerve
A: Wrist extension, extension of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints (2nd digit)

28
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A

O: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium tubercles
I: Lateral proximal phalanx
NS: Recurrent branch of Median nerve
A: Abduction of carpometacarpal joint

29
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

A

O: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, capitate
I: Base of lateral proximal phalanx
NS: Recurrent branch of Median nerve (superficial) and Deep Ulnar nerve (deep)
A: Flexes thumb

30
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A

O: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium tubercles
I: Lateral side 1st met
NS: Recurrent branch of Median nerve
A: Draws thumb into opposition

31
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

O: Pisiform
I: Medial side, base of proximal phalanx (5th)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Abducts 5th digit

32
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi

A

O: Hook of Hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: Medial side, base of proximal phalanx (5th)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Flexes proximal phalanx (5th)

33
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

O: Hook of Hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: Medial border 5th met
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Opposition of 5th digit

34
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A

O: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, anterior surface of 3rd met
I: Medial side, base of proximal phalanx (1st)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Adducts thumb

35
Q

Lumbricals 1 and 2

A

O: Lateral 2 tendons of FDP
I: Lateral side, extensor expansions (2nd-3rd)
NS: Median nerve
A: Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints, extends interphalangeal joints

36
Q

Lumbricals 3 and 4

A

O: Medial 3 tendons of FDP
I: Lateral side, extensor expansions (4th-5th)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints, extends interphalangeal joints

37
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

O: Adjacent 2 metacarpals
I: Base of proximal phalanges, extensor expansions (2nd-4th)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Abduct digits from axial line (assists lumbricals)

38
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

O: Palmar surface of 2nd, 4th and 5th mets
I: Extensor expansions (2nd, 4th, 5th)
NS: Deep Ulnar nerve
A: Adduct digits towards axial line (assists lumbricals)

39
Q

Deltoid

A

O: Acromion, spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity
NS: Axillary nerve
A: Abduction, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation

40
Q

Subscapularis

A

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle
NS: Subscapular nerve
A: Internal rotation, extension

41
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Proximal aspect of greater tubercle
NS: Suprascapular nerve
A: Abduction

42
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Middle aspect of greater tubercle
NS: Suprascapular nerve (C4-C6)
A: External rotation

43
Q

Teres Minor

A

O: Upper 2/3 lateral border scapula
I: Distal aspect of greater tubercle
NS: Axillary nerve
A: External rotation, adduction

44
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

O: Medial 1/2 clavicle, manubrium/sternum, ribs 1-6
I: Bicipital (intertubercular) groove (sulcus)
NS: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
A: Horizontal flexion, adduction, internal rotation

45
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

O: 3rd to 5th ribs
I: Coracoid process of scapula
NS: Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
A: Pulls scapula medially, forwards and downwards

46
Q

Trapezius

A

O: C1-T12 vertebrae
I: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, medial side acromion, upper crest of scapula spine
NS: Accessory nerve (CN XI)
A: Scapula retraction, superior rotation, elevation, depression

47
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

O: Transverse processes C1-C4 vertebrae
I: Superior angle to medial border of scapula
NS: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), C3 and C4 nerves
A: Lateral head and neck flexion

48
Q

Teres Major

A

O: Dorsal surface inferior angle of scapula
I: Crest of lesser tubercle
NS: Subscapular nerve
A: Internal rotation, adduction, extension

49
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

O: Inferior angle of scapula, 9th-12th ribs, T7-T12 vertebrae, posterior 1/3 iliac crest
I: Bicipital (intertubercular) groove (sulcus)
NS: Thoracodorsal nerve
A: Extension, adduction, internal rotation

50
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

O: 1st-9th ribs
I: Medial margin of costal surface of scapula
NS: Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
A: Scapula superior external rotation and protraction, lowers arm, elevation of ribs

51
Q

Rhomboids

A

O: C7-T5 vertebrae
I: Median margin of scapula (inferior to spine)
NS: Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
A: Scapula stabilisation, retraction, elevation and internal rotation

52
Q

Subclavius

A

O: Costal cartilage 1st rib
I: Subclavian groove
NS: Subclavian nerve
A: Draws clavicle downward and forward, elevates 1st rib

Upper Limb (9 decks)

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