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OAU Anatomy > Muscles Of The Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

Muscles Of The Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

The only bony articulation between the upper limb and axial skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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2
Q

Bones of the shoulder girdle

A

1) Scapula

2) Clavicle

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3
Q

Anatomical joints of the shoulder girdle

A

1) Glenohumeral joint

2) Sternoclavicular joint

3) Acromioclavicular joint

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4
Q

Physiological joints of the shoulder girdle

A

Scapulothoracic joint

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5
Q

What joint in the upper limb is supported by muscles

A

Scapulothoracic joint

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6
Q

Which of these is not an extrinsic muscle:

a) Serratus anterior
b) Teres minor
c) Levator scapulae
d) Pectoralis minor

A

Teres minor

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7
Q

Extrinsic muscle

A

Suspends scapula from the trunk. Stabilizes and/or actively moves the scapula

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8
Q

Examples of extrinsic muscle

A

Serratus anterior
Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Pectoralis minor
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

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9
Q

Intrinsic muscles

A

Attach the scapula to the humerus

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10
Q

Examples of intrinsic muscles

A

Deltoid
Teres major
Rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis).

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11
Q

Muscles that attach trunk to the humerus

A

Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis major

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12
Q

Anterior axioappendicular muscles

A

Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor
Pectoralis major
Subclavius

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13
Q

Posterior axioappendicular muscles

A

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
Levator scapulae
Deltoid
Teres major
Rotator cuff muscles

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14
Q

Trapezius:
Origin
Insertion
Innervation

A

a) Medial third of the nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7-T12

b) Superior fiber - Lateral third of clavicle
Middle fiber - acromion process of scapula
Inferior fiber - Spine of scapula

c) Accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor fibers) & C3, C4 spinal nerve (pain & proprioceptive fibers)

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15
Q

Action of trapezius

A

Superior fiber - Elevates scapula

Middle fiber - Retracts scapula

Inferior fiber - Depresses scapula

(Superior & inferior fibers act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly).

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16
Q

Strap-like muscle in the upper limb?

A

Levator scapulae

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17
Q

Levator scapulae:
Origin
Insertion
Innervation

A

a) Posterior tubercules of transverse process of C1-C4

b) Medial border of scapula superior to the root of the spine of the scapula

c) Dorsal scapula (C5), cervical nerves (C3 & C4)

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18
Q

The inferior third of levator scapulae is deep to what muscle?

19
Q

Superior third of levator scapulae is deep to what muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

20
Q

The rhomboid muscles have a rectangular shape

A

False.

Rhomboid appearance

21
Q

________ forms broad parallel bands that pass inefriolaterally from the vertebrae to the medial boarder of the scapula

A

The Rhomboid muscles

22
Q

The rhomboid muscles pass superiolaterally from the vertebrae to the medial boarder of the scapula?

True

False

A

False.

Inferiolaterally.

23
Q

Rhomboid major is ____ & _____ times wider than rhomboid minor

24
Q

Rhomboid minor is the thinner muscle of the two rhomboid muscles

A

False.

Thicker than rhomboid major but not as wide

25
Q

Which of the two rhomboid muscles is the superior one?

A

Rhomboid minor

26
Q

Rhomboid minor
Origin
Insertion
Innervation

A

1) Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 - T1 vertebrae

2) Smooth triangular area at the end of the spine of the scapula

3) Dorsal scapula (C4, C5)

27
Q

Rhomboid major
Origin
Insertion
Innervation

A

1) Spinous process of T2 - T5

2) Medial boarder of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

3) Dorsal scapula (C4, C5)

28
Q

Action of rhomboid minor

A

Retracts scapula (adducts scapula)

Fixes scapula to thoracic wall

Rotates scapula to depress its glenoid cavity

29
Q

Action of rhomboid major

A

Retracts scapula (adducts scapula)

Fixes scapula to the thoracic wall

Rotates scapula to depress its glenoid cavity

30
Q

What makes the medial wall of the axilla?

A

Serratus anterior

31
Q

Serratus anterior overlies the medial boarder of the thorax

A

False.

It lies on the lateral part of the thorax

32
Q

Serratus anterior
Origin
Insertion
Innervatiom

A

1) External surface of the lateral portion of the 1st - 8th ribs

2) Anterior portion of the medial boarder of the scapula

3) Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6 & C7)

33
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Protracts scapula (abduction)

Holds scapula against thoracic wall

Rotates scapula at the inferior angle

34
Q

What clinical ailment is the medial end of the scapula away from the thorax?

A

Winged scapula

35
Q

What leads to winged scapula?

A

Insufficiency of the serratus anterior

Damage/lesions to the long thoracic nerve

36
Q

Pectoralis minor and ____ form a bridge under which nerves and vessels must pass to the arm

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

37
Q

Pectoralis minor is a fan-shaped muscle

A

False.

Triangular muscle.

38
Q

The bulk of muscles on the shoulder is the _____?

39
Q

Deltoid:
Origin
Insertion
Nerve supply

A

1) Lateral third of clavicle, acromion process of scapula & spine of scapula

2) Deltoid tuberosity on the humerus

3) Axillary nerve (C5 & C6)

40
Q

Action of deltoid muscle

A

Anterior fiber: Flexion and medial rotation of the humerus

Middle fiber: Elevation (abduction)

Posterior fiber: Extension and lateral rotation of the arm

41
Q

Teres major:
Origin
Insertion
Nerve supply

A

1) Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

2) medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

3) Lower subscapular nerve (C5 & C6)

42
Q

Structures found around the suprascapular notch

A

Superior transverse suprascapular ligament

Suprascapular nerve which runs through the ligament

Suprascapular vein and artery which run above the ligament

43
Q

Ligaments around the shoulder joint

A

Inferior transverse suprascapular ligament

Coracoacromial ligament

Superior scapulohumeral ligament

Middle scapulohumeral ligament

Inferior scapulohumeral

Conoid ligament

Acromioclavicular ligament

Trapezius ligament

Transverse humeral ligament

OAU Anatomy (6 decks)

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