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Gross Anatomy I Lower extremity > MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR HIP > Flashcards

MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR HIP Flashcards

1
Q 
􀁸 a muscle which lies along the lateral border of the femur, between two layers of the lateral aspect of the
fascia lata (iliotibial tract)
􀁸 the muscle forms a superficial elevation below and lateral to the iliac crest
A

Tensor Fascia Lata

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2
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata origin:

A

crest of the ilium

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3
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata insertion:

A

iliotibial tract

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4
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata actions:

A

Flexes, ABducts and medially rotates the femur

Helps to stabilize the knee joint

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5
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata nerve supply:

A

superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)

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6
Q

􀁸 this is the largest and most superficial muscles of the posterior hip region
14
􀁸 this muscle is noticeable in humans for its great bulk, which together with a variable amount of adipose
tissue forms the buttocks
􀁸 this muscle is the largest muscle by weight in the human body and is associated with the assumption of
the erect posture and bipedal locomotion

A

Gluteus Maximus

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7
Q

there are a number of bursae that separate the muscle from bone and they are collectively known as the…..**

A

gluteal bursae

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8
Q

separates the superior part of the gluteus maximus from the greater trochanter**

A

trochanteric bursae

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9
Q

separates the inferior part of the gluteus maximus from the ischial tuberosity**

A

ischial bursae

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10
Q

Gluteus Maximus origin:

A

posterior gluteal line/ilium

sacrum and coccyx

posterior ligaments of the sacroiliac joint

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11
Q

Gluteus Maximus insertion:

A

gluteal tuberosity/femur

iliotibial tract

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12
Q

Gluteus Maximus actions:

A

Extends and laterally rotates the femur



Helps to stabilize the pevic bone



Stabilizes the knee joint

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13
Q

Gluteus Maximus nerve supply:**

A

inferior gluteal (L5, S1, S2)

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14
Q

patients to have difficulty getting from a sitting to standing position
(patients may have to actively push themselves to the standing position), straightening from a bending
position, walking uphill or up stairs
􀁸 atrophy of the muscle does not seriously affect walking on level ground or when standing still

A

Weakness of the Gluteus Maximus

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15
Q

a muscle which is partly deep to the gluteus maximus, but its superior portion remains superficial

A

Gluteus Medius

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16
Q

Gluteus Medius origin:

A

external surface/ilium

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17
Q

Gluteus Medius insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

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18
Q

Gluteus Medius actions:

A

aBducts the femur

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19
Q

Gluteus Medius nerve supply:**

A

superior gluteal (L4,L5,S1)

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20
Q

the smallest of the gluteal muscles and deep to the gluteus medius

A

Gluteus Minimus

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21
Q

Gluteus Minimus origin:

A

external surface/ilium

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22
Q

Gluteus Minimus insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

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23
Q

Gluteus Minimus actions:

A

Abducts your femur
Medially rotates the femur

Helps to keep the pelvic bone steady when the foot on the opposite side is raised off the ground. i.e. right gluteus medius and minimus stabilize pelvic bone when left foot is raised off the ground

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24
Q

Gluteus Minimus nerve supply:**

A

superior gluteal (L4,L5,S1)

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25
Q

this is the simple test which is used if one suspects atrophy and weakness of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.**

A

Trendelenburg Test

26
Q

if the pelvis and gluteal fold will drop on the side that the foot is raised off the ground and this would be a…..

A

positive Trendelenburg Test

when the muscles are weak, the pelvis will drop on the unaffected side when the foot is raised off of the
ground

27
Q

􀁸 a type of abnormal locomotion due to atrophy and weakness of the gluteus medius and minimus
􀁸 with this type of locomotion, there is displacement of the body (falling of the pelvis) on the unaffected
side

A

Gluteal Gait/Trendelenburg Gait

28
Q

this results in the vertebral column deviating toward the side where the pelvis is low, giving rise to what is
known as a……..

A

“C” curve of the column

weakness of the right gluteus medius and minimus will give rise to a left “C” curve of the vertebral
column with the opening of the “C” toward the side where the muscle is weak

29
Q

􀁸 name is for the Latin word for pear shaped
􀁸 a muscle which originates within the pelvic cavity and emerges through the greater sciatic notch
􀁸 it is deep to the gluteus maximus and parallel to the gluteus medius

A

Piriformis

30
Q

Piriformis action:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

31
Q

Piriformis origin:

A

anterior surface of the sacrum (within the pelvic cavity)

32
Q

Piriformis insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

33
Q

Piriformis nerve supply:

A

S1 and S2

34
Q

􀁸 a common cause of pain in the gluteal region due to compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis
muscle (sciatica)**

A

Piriformis Muscle Syndrome

􀁸 this may cause deep pain in the buttock region, which may refer along the course of the sciatic nerve
(posterior thigh and leg)
􀁸 common in sports which require extensive lateral rotation of the femur
􀁸 condition is diagnosed primarily on the basis of symptoms, since there are no tests that accurately
confirm the diagnosis
􀁸 stretching and correcting biomechanical abnormalities of the lower extremity and vertebral column may
help the condition

35
Q

􀁸 a small muscle which is situated between the piriformis and the obturator internus muscles and deep to
the gluteus maximus
􀁸 its tendon of insertion fuses with that of the obturator internus and inferior gemellus muscles

A

Superior Gemellus

36
Q

Superior Gemellus origin:

A

spine/ischium

37
Q

Superior Gemellus insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

38
Q

Superior Gemellus nerve supply:

A

L4,L5,S1,S2

39
Q

Superior Gemellus action:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

40
Q

􀁸 a small muscle which takes its origin within the pelvic cavity and whose tendon emerges through the
lesser sciatic notch
􀁸 it is situated between the two gemellus muscles
􀁸 it derives its name from its origin on the internal aspect of the membrane which covers the obturator
foramen

A

Obturator Internus

41
Q

Obturator Internus origin:

A

internal surface of the obturator membrane

42
Q

Obturator Internus insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

43
Q

Obturator Internus nerve supply:

A

L4,L5,S1,S2

44
Q

Obturator Internus action:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

45
Q

a muscle situated between the obturator internus and the quadratus femoris

A

Inferior Gemellus

46
Q

Inferior Gemellus origin:

A

tuberosity/ischium

47
Q

Inferior Gemellus insertion:

A

greater trochanter/femur

48
Q

Inferior Gemellus nerve supply:

A

L4,L5,S1,S2

49
Q

Inferior Gemellus action:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

50
Q

􀁸 this muscle derives its names from its origin on the external surface of the obturator foramen
􀁸 the muscle is found deep to the gemellus inferior and quadratus femoris

A

Obturator Externus

51
Q

Obturator Externus origin:

A

external surface of the obturator membrane

52
Q

Obturator Externus insertion:

A

trochanteric fossa/femur

53
Q

Obturator Externus nerve supply:

A

obturator (L2,L3,L4)

54
Q

Obturator Externus actions:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

55
Q

a quadrant shaped muscle which is found inferior to the inferior gemellus

A

Quadratus Femoris

56
Q

Quadratus Femoris origin:

A

tuberosity/ischium

57
Q

Quadratus Femoris insertion:

A

quadrate tubercle/femur

58
Q

Quadratus Femoris nerve supply:

A

L4,L5, S1,S2

59
Q

Quadratus Femoris actions:

A

lateral/outward rotation of the femur

60
Q

Important in the control of the body’s balance and posture.

This position helps to achieve better balance and posture

A

Importance of Lateral Rotation of the Femur

Gross Anatomy I Lower extremity (14 decks)

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