femur Flashcards

1
Q

this is the longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the body

􀁸 its length is about ¼ that of the body and its average length is about 18 inches (45 cm)**

A

FEMUR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

standing position, the femur transmits weight from the pelvic bone to the

A

tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The femur consists of

A

shaft, proximal and distal ends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

at the proximal end of the femur, the rounded head is found, which articulates with the acetabulum of the
pelvic bone to form the

A

hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

on the head of the femur is a pit or depression, known as the

A

fovea capitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is attached to the fovea capitis of the femur

A

capitis

femoris ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Just lateral to the head of the femur is the ….

A

Neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is is the angle called that is formed from the neck of the femur

A

the angle of

inclination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the proximal end of the femur shaft is marked by a large bony prominence called the

A

greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

on the femur where the greater trochanter meets the neck is a deep pit is called the…

A

trochanteric fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a blunt conical projection at the junction of the femurs inferior border of the neck with
the shaft

A

lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

with the femur the trochanters are joined posteriorly by the

A

intertrochanteric crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

on the intertrochanteric crest of the femur is a prominent

bump called the

A

quadrate tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anteriorly on the femur, the trochanters are connected by the

A

intertrochanteric line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the intertrochanteric line continues on the posterior aspect of the femur shaft as the

A

spiral line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a faint line or ridge that is found just inferior to the lesser trochanter of the femur

A

pectineal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

a roughened area found inferior to the greater trochanter of the femur is the

A

gluteal line or gluteal tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the three lines (spiral, pectineal and gluteal) on the femur come together to form the

A

linea aspera

19
Q

prominent longitudinal ridge on the posterior aspect of the femoral shaft consists of a

A

medial and lateral lip

20
Q

the distal end of the femur, what are the three articular surfaces

A

condyle, medial condyle and

the patellar facet

21
Q

found just above each condyle on the distal femur are the are the

A

epicondyles

22
Q

on the medial condyle, distal end of the femur is an added

projection called what?

A

adductor tubercle

23
Q

between the distal femoral condyles is a depression known as the

A

intercondylar fossa

24
Q
the most superior part of the
intercondylar fossa (femur)
A

intercondylar line

25
distal posterior aspect of the bone is a triangular area known as the (femur)
popliteal surface
26
from five centers, a primary for the shaft and four secondary centers 􀁸 the secondary centers are for the head, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter and the distal end (condyles and epicondyles) 􀁸 **the bone completes its development by 15 years in a female and 17 ½ years in a male**
Ossification of the Femur
27
􀁸 the way the neck of the femur meets the shaft of the bone, an angle is formed that is known as the**
the angle of | inclination
28
the angle of | inclination at birth has an angle of **
145 degrees
29
the angle of | inclination at adulthood has an angle of**
125 degrees
30
An increase in the angle of inclination, which can occur with developmental dusplasia of the hip (congenital dislocation)**
coxa valga
31
A decrease in the angle of inclination, which occurs in fractures of the proximal part of the femur and in the condition known as rickets. causes a mild shortening of the affected limbs.**
coxa vara
32
even though it is the strongest bone in the body, it commonly fractured and the type of fracture that occurs is frequently age and sex related
Fractures of the Femur
33
this is a fracture through the neck of the femur and are what we commonly call a “broken hip”** 􀁸 fairly common, especially in older individuals who suffer from osteoporosis **
Subcapital Fractures
34
Subcapital Fractures often interrupt the blood supply to the femoral head, leading to a degeneration of the head, a condition known as**
avascular necrosis
35
􀁸 the neck of the femur receives a rich blood supply from branches of the**
``` femoral artery (medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries) ```
36
the head is supplied by a small branch of the**........................which passes to the head within the ligament of the femoral head
obturator artery
37
large sesamoid bone develops within the common tendon of insertion of the quadriceps
PATELLA
38
triangular shaped and the superior border is the (patella)
Base
39
the inferior border is the (patella)
Apex
40
posterior surface of the bone is marked by two .................... for articulation with the patellar facet and condyles of the femur
articular surfaces (lateral and medial)
41
convex and marked by numerous foramina and longitudinal lines (patella)
the anterior surface
42
main function of the patella
Gives additional leverage to the the quadriceps during the last part of extension of the leg. This helps increase the power of the extension movement
43
is from a single center that appears early in the 3rd year of life and the bone is completely ossified by 10 years in the female and 13 years in a male
ossification of the patella