Muscles of the pelvic limb Flashcards
Biceps femoris
O: ischiatic tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament
I: patella, patellar ligament; cranial border of tibia via fascia latae and crural fascia; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
Action: extend hip and hock; flex stifle (non weight bearing) or extend (weight bearing)
popliteal lymph node
Semitendinosus
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: medial surface of tibial body; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
Action: extend hip and hock, flex stifle
Semimembranous
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: distal and medial aspect of caudal femur; medial condyle of tibia
Action: extend hip; flex (non weight bearing) or extend (weight bearing) the stifle
Sartorius
O: ilium
I: patellar and cranial border of tibia
Action: flex hip; extend (weight bearing) or flex (non weight bearing)
- *deep inguinal lymph nodes at cranial border**
- *caudal belly is the cranial border of the femoral triangle**
Gracilis
O: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon
I: cranial border of tibia; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
A: extend hip and hock; flex stifle; adduct limb
Pectineus
O: pubis
I: distal end of caudomedial aspect of femur
Action: adduct limb
caudal border for femoral triangle
Adductor
O: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon; ventral surface of pubis and ischium
I: caudolateral aspect of femur
Action: adduct limb; extend hip
Tensor fasciae latae
O: tuber coxae; aponeuroses of middle gluteal muscle
I: fascia lata (lateral femoral fascia)
Action: tense fascia lata, flex hip, and extend stifle
What muscles make up the hamstring?
- Biceps femoris
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
superficial gluteal
O: deep gluteal fascia; sacrotuberous ligament
I: third trochanter of the femur
Action: abduct hip; extend hip
** fuses with biceps femoris in ox; why ox doesn’t need a third trochanter**
middle gluteal
O: crest and gluteal surface of ilium
I: greater trochanter of the femur
Action: extend hip; abduct hip; rotate the pelvic limb medially
trochanteric bursa: passes over cranial part of the greater trochanter
Deep gluteal
O: body of ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
Action: abduct hip, extend hip; rotate pelvic limb medially
internal obturator
O: dorsal surface of ischium and pubis
I: trochanteric fossa of the femur
Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally
lateral rotators of the hip; small pelvic association
tendinous and subtendinous bursa-passes over lesser ischiatic notch**
gemelli
O: lateral surface of ischium; ventral to lesser ischiatic notch
I: trochanteric fossa of the femur
Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally
** lateral rotators of the hip; small pelvic association**
Quadratus Femoris
O: ventral surface of the caudal ischium
I: intertrochanteric crest of the femur
Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally; extend hip
lateral rotators of hip; small pelvic association*
External Obturator
O: ventral surface of pubis and ischium
I: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally
Quadriceps femoris
- Vastus Medialis
- Vastus Intermedialis
- Rectus Femoris
- Vastus Lateralis
O: ilium (rectus femoris); proximal aspect of femur (other heads)
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action: flex hip (rectus femoris); extend stifle joint (all heads)
Iliopsoas
O: ventral aspect of lumbar vertebrae (psoas major); cranioventral ilium (iliacus)
I: lesser trochanter of the femur
Action: flex hip
Cranial tibial
O: proximal and lateral aspect of the tibia near extensor groove
I: proximal plantar surface of metatarsals I and II
Action: flex tarsus; rotate paw laterally so plantar surface faces medially; SUPINATION of paw
- *cunean tendon**
- *held down by crural extensor retinaculum along with tendon of long digital extensor**
long digital extensor
O: extensor fossa of femur
I: extensor processes of distal phalanges of joints 2, 3, 4, and 5
Action: extend digits; flex tarsus
held down by crural extensor retinaculum and tarsal extensor retinaculum
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus
O: lateral collateral ligament; proximal aspect of tibia and fibula
I: Tarsal bone IV; plantar aspect of proximal ends of metatarsals
Action: flex tarsus; rotate paw medially so plantar surface faces laterally; PRONATION of paw
Gastrocnemius
O: medial and lateral supracondylar tuberositites of femur
I: tuber calcanei
Action: extend tarsus; flex stifle
- heads make contact with fabellae!!*
- candy stripes with superficial digital flexor*
What muscle make up the small pelvic association and act as lateral rotators of the hip?
Queen Emily Is Great
- Quadratus femoris
- External Obturator
- Internal Obturator
- Gemelli
What muscles act as medial rotators of the hip?
- medial gluteal
2. deep gluteal
What muscles insert at the tuber calcanei and make up the common calcanean tendon
Big Girls Should Get STuffed
- Biceps Femoris
- Gracilis
- Superficial Digital Flexor
- Gastrocnemius
- SemiTendinosus
** superficial digital flexor is the ONLY one that goes all the way to the sustentaculum tali***
What three muscles make up the femoral triangle
Cranial border: caudal part of sartorius
Caudal border: pectineus
Base: abdominal wall and inguinal ligament
What are the borders of the pelvic outlet?
Lateral: sacrotuberous ligament; gluteal muscles
Dorsal: first caudal vertebrae
Ventral: ischiatic arch
What are the borders of the pelvic inlet?
Lateral: arcuate line
Dorsal: promonotory of sacrum
Ventral: pecten of pubis
superficial digital flexor
O: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur
I: tuber calcanei; plantar aspect of the base of the middle phalanx of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Action: flex digits; extend tarsus; flex stifle
- subcutaneous calcanean bursa
- *intertendinous calcanean bursa**
deep digital flexor
O: proximal tibia and fibula and adjacent interosseus membrane between the two
I: plantar aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of digits 1-5
Action: flex digits; extend tarsus
has a lateral (passing over sustentaculum tali and held down by flexor retinaculum) and medial head
popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur
I: proximal and caudomedial aspect of femur
Action: flex stifle; rotate leg (crus) medially
