Muscles of the Hip, Thigh, Leg, and Foot

Question 1

Iliopsoas

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 1

Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Tensor fasciae latae (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 2

Tensor fasciae latae

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 2

Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 3

Sartorius

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 3

Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 4

Rectus femoris

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 4

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon
Action: Extends leg
Synergist: Vastus lateralis (extends leg)
Antagonist: Gracilis (flexes leg)

Question 5

Vastus lateralis

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 5

Action: Extends leg
Synergist: Rectus femoris (extends leg)
Antagonist: Gracilis (flexes leg)

Question 6

Vastus medialis

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 6

Action: Extends leg
Synergist: Rectus femoris (extends leg)
Antagonist: Gracilis (flexes leg)

Question 7

Vastus intermedius

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 7

Action: Extends leg
Synergist: Rectus femoris (extends leg)
Antagonist: Gracilis (flexes leg)

Question 8

Pectineus

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 8

Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 9

Adductor magnus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 9

Origin: Pubis 
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity 
Action: Adducts, flexes thigh 
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh) 
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 10

Adductor brevis

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 10

Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 11

Adductor longus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 11

Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera at middle portion of femur
Action: Flexes thigh
Synergist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)
Antagonist: Gluteus maximus (extends thigh)

Question 12

Gracilis

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 12

Action: Flexes leg
Synergist: Biceps femoris (flexes leg)
Antagonist: Rectus femoris (extends leg)

Question 13

Gluteus maximus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 13

Origin: Coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur 
Action: Extends thigh 
Synergist: Biceps femoris (extends thigh) 
Antagonist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)

Question 14

Gluteus medius

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 14

Action: Abducts thigh
Synergist: Gluteus minimus (abducts thigh)
Antagonist: Adductor magnus (adducts thigh)

Question 15

Gluteus minimus

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 15

Action: Abducts thigh
Synergist: Gluteus medius (abducts thigh)
Antagonist: Adductor magnus (adducts thigh)

Question 16

Biceps femoris

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 16

Origin: Ischial tuberosity 
Insertion: Head of fibula 
Action: Extends thigh 
Synergist: Semimembranosus (extends thigh) 
Antagonist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)

Question 17

Semimembranosus

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 17

Action: Extends thigh
Synergist: Biceps femoris (extends thigh)
Antagonist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)

Question 18

Semitendinosus

Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 18

Action: Extends thigh
Synergist: Biceps femoris (extends thigh)
Antagnoist: Iliopsoas (flexes thigh)

Question 19

Gastrocnemius

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 19

Origin: Condyles of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexes foot
Synergist: Tibialis posterior (plantar flexes foot)
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexes foot)

Question 20

Tibialis posterior

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 20

Origin: Proximal portion of tibia and fibula
Insertion: Second through fourth metatarsals
Action: plantar flexes foot
Synergist: Gastrocnemius (plantar flexes foot)
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexes foot)

Question 21

Flexor digitorum longus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 21

Origin: Posterior tibia
Insertion: Distal phalanges of second through fifth digits
Action: plantar flexes foot
Synergist: Gastrocnemius (plantar flexes foot)
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexes foot)

Question 22

Fibularis longus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 22

Origin: Head and shaft of fibula
Insertion: First metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Action: plantar flexes foot
Synergist: Gastrocnemius (plantar flexes foot)
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexes foot)

Question 23

Tibialis anterior

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 23

Origin: Lateral condyle
Insertion: First metatarsal
Action: dorsiflexes foot
Synergist: Extensor digitorum longus (dorsiflexes foot)
Antagonist: Gastrocnemius (plantar flexes foot)

Question 24

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin, Insertion, Action, Synergist, Antagonist

Answer 24

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth digits
Action: dorsiflexes foot
Synergist: Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexes foot)
Antagonist: Gastrocnemius (plantar flexes foot)