Muscles of the head and neck Flashcards
Muscles derived from pharyngeal arch 1 (Mandibular)
Muscles of mastification, (Masseter, Temporalis, Lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid). Mylohyoid & ant. belly of digastic
Tensor Tympani
Tensor Veli Palantini
Muscles Derived from Pharyngeal arch 2 (Hyoid)
Muscles of facial expression
Stapedius
Stylohyoid
post. belly of digastric
Muscles derived from Pharyngeal arch 3
Stylopharyngeus
Muscles derived from Pharyngeal arch 4-6
Cricothyroid
Levator Veli Palatine
Constrictors of Pharynx
Intrinsic muscles of larynx
Where does the Cranial nerve VII emerge through
Emerges through stylomastoid foramen, divides inside parotid gland
What muscle raises the eyebrows
occipitofrontalis
Function of levator labii superioris
Lifting the top lip
Function of the corrugator supercilii
Draws the eyebrow downward and medially vertical wrinkes of the forehead, “frowning” muscles
Functions of the orbicularis Oculi
Closes the eye,
What does the palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi do
Involuntarily closes the eye
What does the orbital portion of the orbicularis oculi do
Conscious control
What does the medial ligament do
Lacrimal function (tears), attaches to the lacrimal duct
What are the three muscles in the nose
Nasalis, depressor, septi nasi, procerus
What is the muscle in the chin
Mentalis
What is the muscle in the neck (facial expression)
Platysma
Function of orbicularis oris
Closes the mouth and puckers the lips when it contracts
Function of buccinator
Pushes cheek against teeth and aids in chewing
Function of risorius
Grinning
Zygomaticus Major, Minor Function, Levator labii superioris, levator anglui oris
Pulling the corners of the lips superiorly and laterally (Smiling)
Function of the mentalis
Elevate and protrude the lip
What is mastication
Chewing
What is cranial nerve 5
Trigeminal (sensory + motor-)
What are the three branches of cranial nerve 5
Mandibular nerve V3, Maxillary Nerve (V2), Ophthalmic nerve V1
Function of mandibular nerve
Movement of mandible during mastication
Insertion of the temporalis
Mandible
Buccinator muscle function
Closes the mouth and puckers the lips when it contracts
What occurs during a bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid
Protrudes mandible
What occurs during a unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid
Lateral motion towards opposite side for grinding
The function of two digastric bellies
Stablises mandible, aids in elevating hyoid bone for swallow
- opens jaw if hyoid fixed
The function of mylohyoid
Elevates floor of the mouth and hyoid bone, contributes to opening if hyoid bone fixed
Function of masseter
Elevates the mandible
Function of temporalis
Elevates mandible and may contribute to the lateral movement
Function of medial pterygoid
Elevates and protrudes mandible,
- unilateral contraction, moves the jaw laterally
Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of mastication
Trigeminal nerve
embryological origin of the muscles of facial expression
Pharyngeal arch II
Embryological origin of the muscles of mastication
Pharyngeal Arch I
Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?
Facial Nerve
Muscle that elevates eyebrows and forehead; wrinkles forehead.
Frontalis
Muscle that elevates eyebrows and forehead; wrinkles forehead
Orbicular Oris
The muscle that Draws ala of the nose towards septum to compress the opening
Nasalis
Muscle that depresses mandible and tenses skin of neck and lower face
Platysma
Muscle that Closes eyelids
Obicularis Oculi
Muscle that Elevates and protrudes lower lip and wrinkles chin
Mentalis
The muscle that Presses cheek against molar teeth, aiding chewing
Buccinator
Elevates lip, dilates nostril, raises angle of the mouth
Levator labii superioris
The lateral and medial pterygoid muscles arise from the lateral pterygoid plate. Which unpaired skull bone are these plates part of?
Sphenoid
The lateral and medial pterygoid muscles arise from the lateral pterygoid plate. Which unpaired skull bone are these plates part of?
Digastric
