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Muscles > Muscles of the hand > Flashcards

Muscles of the hand Flashcards

1
Q

Why are the muscles acting on the hand divided into extrinsic and intrinsic groups?

A

extrinsic- anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm
intrinsic- muscles located in the hand

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2
Q

what are the Thenar muscles called?

A

Opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis
(the muscle bellies produce a buldge know as the themas eminence at the base of the thumb)

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3
Q

origin of opponent pollicis

A

tubercle of the trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum

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4
Q

insertion of opponens pollicis

A

lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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5
Q

innervation of opponens pollicis

A

median nerve

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6
Q

function of opponens pollicis

A

opposes the thumb, by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

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7
Q

origin of abductor pollicis brevis

A

tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium and from the associated flexor retinaculum

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8
Q

insertion of abductor pollicis brevis

A

proximal phalanx of the thumb

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9
Q

innervation of abductor pollicis brevis

A

median nerve

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10
Q

function of abductor pollicis brevis

A

abducts the thumb

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11
Q

origin of flexor pollicis brevis

A

tubercle of the trapezium and the associated flexor retinaculum

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12
Q

insertion of flexor pollicis brevis

A

base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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13
Q

function of flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexes the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb

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14
Q

innervation of flexor pollicis brevis

A

median nerve (the deep head is innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve)

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15
Q

What are the three hypothenar muscles?

A

opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis

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16
Q

origin of opponens digiti minimi

A

hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum

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17
Q

insertion of opponens digiti minimi

A

medial margin of metacarpal 5

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18
Q

innervation of opponens digiti minimi

A

ulnar nerve

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19
Q

function of opponens digiti minimi

A

rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm, producing opposition

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20
Q

origin of abductor digiti minimi

A

pisiform and tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

21
Q

insertion of abductor digiti minimi

A

base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

22
Q

innervation of abductor digiti minimi

A

ulnar nerve

23
Q

function of abductor digit minimi

A

abducts the little finger

24
Q

origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum

25
Q

insertion of flexor digit minimi brevis

A

base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

26
Q

innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

ulnar nerve

27
Q

function of flexor digit minimi brevis

A

flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

28
Q

what are the four lumbricals

A

unipennate (I), unipennate (II), bipennate (III) and bipennate (IV)

29
Q

origin of the lumbricals

A

each tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

30
Q

insertion of the lumbricals

A

they pass dorsally and laterally around each finger and inserts into the extensor hood

31
Q

function of the lumbricals

A

flexion at the MCP joint and extension at the interphalangeal joints of each digit

32
Q

innervation of the lumbricals

A

the lateral two lumbricals (index and middle)= median nerve

the medial two lumbricals (little and ring finger)= ulnar nerve

33
Q

What are the two interossei muscles called?

A

dorsal interossei (4) and palmar interossei (3)

34
Q

origin of the dorsal interossei

A

lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals

35
Q

insertion of dorsal interossei

A

extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger

36
Q

innervation of dorsal interossei

A

ulnar nerve

37
Q

function of dorsal interossei

A

abduct the fingers at the MCP joint

38
Q

origin of palmar interossei

A

medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal

39
Q

insertion of palmar interossei

A

extensor hood and proximal phalanx of the same finger

40
Q

innervation of the palmar interossei

A

ulnar nerve

41
Q

function of palmar interossei

A

aducts the fingers at the MCP joint

42
Q

origin of palmaris brevis

A

palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

43
Q

insertion of palmaris brevis

A

dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand

44
Q

innervation of palmaris brevis

A

ulnar nerve

45
Q

function of palmaris brevis

A

wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand, improving the grip

46
Q

origin of adductor pollicis

A

one head originates from metacarpal 3. the other head originates from the capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals 2 and 3

47
Q

insertion of adductor pollicis

A

the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

48
Q

innervation of adductor pollicis

A

ulnar nerve

49
Q

function of adductor pollicis

A

adductor of the thumb

Muscles (7 decks)

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