Muscles Of The Foot

Question 1

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Answer 1

Compartment - Dorsum of Foot
Origin - calcaneus + inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion - proximal phalanx of the great toe
Actions - extension of the great toe at the MTP joint
Innervation - deep fibular nerve

Question 2

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Answer 2

Compartment - Dorsum of the foot
Origin - superolateral surface of calcaneus
Insertion - long extensor tendons of four lateral digitis
Action - extension of the four lateral digits
Innervation - deep fibular nerve

Question 3

Abductor Hallucis

Answer 3

Compartment - Plantar Aspect of the Foot (First Layer)
Origin - medial tubercle of calcaneus
Insertion - proximal phalanx of great toe
Action - abduction and flexion of the great toe
Innervation - medial plantar nerve

Question 4

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Answer 4

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (first layer)
Origin - medial tubercle of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion - middle phalanges of lateral four digits
Action - flexion of the lateral four digits at the IP joints
Innervation - medial plantar nerve

Question 5

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Answer 5

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (first layer)
Origin - medial and lateral tubercles of the calcaneus
Insertion - lateral base of proximal phalanx of digit V
Action - abduction and flexion of digit V
Innervation - lateral plantar nerve

Question 6

Quadratus Plantae

Answer 6

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (2nd layer)
Origin - medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus
Insertion - tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Action - flexion of lateral four digits
Innervation - lateral plantar nerve

Question 7

Lumbricals

Answer 7

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (2nd layer)
Origin - tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion - extensor hoods of lateral four digits
Action - flexion at MTP joints, extension at IP joints
Innervation - medial and lateral plater nerves

Question 8

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Answer 8

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (3rd layer)
Origin - lateral head from cuboid and lateral cuneiforms, medial head from tendon of posterior tibialis tendon
Insertion - proximal phalanx of great toe
Action - flexion of great toe at MTP joint
Innervation - medial plantar nerve

Question 9

Adductor Hallucis

Answer 9

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (3rd layer)
Origin - oblique head from II-IV metatarsals, transverse head from plantar ligaments of MTP joints
Insertion - lateral base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Action - adduct the great toe
Innervation - deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

Question 10

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Answer 10

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (3rd layer)
Origin - metatarsal V
Insertion - proximal phalanx of digit V
Action - flexion of the fifth digit
Innervation - superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

Question 11

Plantar Interossei

Answer 11

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (4th layer)
Origin - medial side of metatarsals III-V
Insertion - medial sides of phalanges III-V
Actions - adduct digits III-V and flex MTP joints
Innervation - lateral plantar nerve

Question 12

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 12

Compartment - plantar surface of foot (4th layer)
Origin - sides of metatarsals I-V
Insertion - lateral sides of proximal phalanxes digits II-IV
Action - abduct digits II-IV and flex MTP joints
Innervation - lateral plantar nerve