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Lower Limb Anatomy + Intrinsic Back Muscles > Muscles of the Foot > Flashcards

Muscles of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

How many Intrinsic Muscles are there in the Dorsum of the Foot? What are they called?

A

2 - Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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2
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Origin

A

Calcaneus, the Interosseus Talocalcaneal Ligament and the Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

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3
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Attachments

A

Long Extensor Tendons of the Four Lateral Digits.

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4
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action

A

Aids the Extensor Digitorum Longus in Extending the Medial Four Toes at the Metatarsophalangeal and Interphalangeal Joints

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5
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Innervation

A

Deep Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve L4/L5

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6
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Origin

A

Calcaneus, the Interosseus Talocalcaneal Ligament and the Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

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7
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Attachment

A

Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Great Toe.

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8
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Action

A

Aids the Extensor Hallucis Longus in Extending the Great Toe at the Metatarsophalangeal Joint

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9
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Innervation

A

Deep Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve L4/L5

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10
Q

How many Intrinsic Muscles are there in the Plantar Surface/Sole of the Foot? How many Layers are there? Can you Name Them All?

A

10 Muscles
4 Layers
1st Layer - Abductor Hallucis, Flexor Digitorum Brevis and Abductor Digiti Minimi
2nd Layer - Quadratus Plantae and the Lumbricals
3rd Layer - Flexor Hallucis Brevis, Adductor Hallucis and Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
4th Layer - Palmar and Dorsal Interossei

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11
Q

Abductor Hallucis Origin

A

Medial Tubercle of the Calcaneus, the Flexor Retinaculum and the Plantar Aponeurosis

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12
Q

Abductor Hallucis Attachment

A

Medial Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Great Toe

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13
Q

Abductor Hallucis Action

A

Abducts and Flexes the Great Toe

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14
Q

Abductor Hallucis Innervation

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (L4/L5)

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15
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Origin

A

Medial Tubercle of the Calcaneus and the Plantar Aponeurosis

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16
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Attachment

A

Middle Phalanges of the Lateral Four Digits

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17
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Action

A

Flexes the Lateral Four Digits at the Proximal Interphalangeal Joints

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18
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Innervation

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (L4/L5)

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19
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Origin

A

Medial and Lateral Tubercles of the Calcaneus and the Plantar Aponeurosis

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20
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Attachment

A

Lateral Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the 5th Digit

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21
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Action

A

Abducts and Flexes the 5th Digit/Toe

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22
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi Innervation

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

23
Q

Quadratus Plantae Origin

A

Medial and Lateral Plantar Surface of the Calcaneus

24
Q

Quadratus Plantae Attachment

A

Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus

25
Q

Quadratus Plantae Action

A

Assists Flexor Digitorum Longus in Flexing the Lateral Four Digits

26
Q

Quadratus Plantae Innervation

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

27
Q

Lumbricals Origin

A

Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Longus

28
Q

Lumbricals Attachment

A

Extensor Hoods of the Lateral Four Digits

29
Q

Lumbricals Action

A

Flexon at the Metatarsophalangeal Joints

Extension at the Interphalangeal Joints

30
Q

Lumbricals Innervation

A

The most Medial Lumbrical is innervated by the Medial Plantar Nerve (L4/L5). The remaining three are Innervated by the Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2).

31
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Origin

A

Plantar Surfaces of the Cuboid and Lateral Cuneiforms, and from the Posterior Tibialis Tendon

32
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Attachment

A

Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Great Toe

33
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Action

A

Flexion of the Great Toe at the Metatarsophalangeal Joint

34
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Innervation

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (L4/L5)

35
Q

Adductor Hallucis Origin(s)

A

Oblique Head: Bases of the First Four Metatarsals

Transverse Head: Plantar Ligaments of the Metatarsophalangeal Joints

36
Q

Adductor Hallucis Attachment

A

Lateral Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Great Toe

37
Q

Adductor Hallucis Action

A

Adduction of the Great Toe.

Assists in Forming the Transverse Arch of the foot

38
Q

Adductor Hallucis Innervation

A

Deep Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

39
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Origin

A

Base of the Fifth Metatarsal

40
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Attachment

A

Base of the Proximal Phalanx of the Fifth Digit

41
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Action

A

Flexes the Proximal Phalanx of the Fifth Digit

42
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Innervation

A

Superficial Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

43
Q

How many Plantar Interrosei are there?

44
Q

Plantar Interossei Origin

A

Medial Side of Metatarsals Three to Five

45
Q

Plantar Interossei Attachment

A

Medial Sides of the Phalanges of Digits Three to Five

46
Q

Plantar Interossei Action

A

Adduct Digits Three to Five and Flex the Metatarsophalangeal Joints

47
Q

Plantar Interossei Innervation

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

48
Q

How many Dorsal Interrosei are there?

49
Q

Dorsal Interossei Origin

A

Sides of Metatarsals One to Five

50
Q

Dorsal Interossei Attachment

A

The First Muscle attaches to the Medial Side of the Proximal Phalanx of the Second Digit. The Second to Fourth Interossei attach to the Lateral Sides of the Proximal Phalanxes of Digits Two to Four.

51
Q

Dorsal Interossei Action

A

Abduct Digits Two to Four and Flex the Metatarsophalangeal Joints

52
Q

Dorsal Interossei Innervation

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1/S2)

53
Q

Remember PAD AND DAB?

A 
Plantar Adduct (PAD)
Dorsal Abduct (DAB)

Lower Limb Anatomy + Intrinsic Back Muscles (13 decks)

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