Muscles of the foot

Question 0

What are the muscles of the second and third layer of the sole?

Answer 0

• Quadratus plantae
• Lumbricals
• Flexor hallicus brevis
• Adductor hallicus
• Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 1

What are the muscles of the first layer of the sole?

Answer 1

• Abductor hallicus
• Flexor digitorum brevis
• Abductor digiti minimi

Question 2

What are the muscles of the fourth layer of the sole?

Answer 2

• Plantar interossei (3)

- Dorsal interossei (4)

Question 3

What are the origin and insertion of abductor hallicus?

Answer 3

• Origin: medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis
• Insertion: medial side of base if proximal phalanx of first digit

Question 4

What is the action of abductor hallicus?

Answer 4

Abducts and flexes great toe

Question 6

What are the origin and insertion of FDB?

Answer 6

• Origin: Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis and intermuscular septa
• Insertion: Both sides of middle phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 7

What is the action of flexor digitorum brevis?

Answer 7

Flexes lateral four digits

Question 8

What are the origin and insertion of ADM?

Answer 8

• Origin: Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis and intermuscular septa
• Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

Question 9

What is the action of ADM?

Answer 9

Abducts and flexes little toe

Question 10

What are the origin and insertion of qudratus plantae?

Answer 10

• Origin: Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
• Insertion: Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Question 11

What is the action of quadratus plantae?

Answer 11

Assists FDL in flexing lateral 4 digits

Question 12

What are the origin and insertion of the lumbricals?

Answer 12

• Origin: Tendons of FDL

- Insertion: Medial aspect of expansion over lateral 4 digits

Question 13

What is the action of the lumbricals?

Answer 13

• Flex proximal phalanges

- Extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 14

What are the origin and insertion of the FHB?

Answer 14

• Origin: Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms

- Insertion: Both sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of first digit

Question 15

What is the action of FHB?

Answer 15

Flexes proximal phalanx of great toe

Question 16

What are the origin and insertion of Adductor hallicus?

Answer 16

• Origin: (Oblique head) bases of metatarsals 2-4; (transverse head) plantar ligaments of metatarsophalangeal joints
• Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanxe of first digit

Question 17

What is the action of AH?

Answer 17

• Adducts great toe

- Assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot

Question 18

What are the origin and insertion of FDMB?

Answer 18

• Origin: Base of fifth metatarsal

- Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

Question 19

What is the action of FDMB?

Answer 19

• Flexion of proximal phalanx of little toe

Question 20

What are the origin and insertion of the plantar interossei?

Answer 20

• Origin: Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

- Insertion: Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5

Question 21

What is the action of the plantar interossei?

Answer 21

• Adducts difits 2-4

- Flex metatarsophalangeal joints

Question 22

What are the origin and insertion of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 22

• Origin: Adjescent sides of metatarsals 1-5

- Insertion: (1) Medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit; (2-4) lateral sides of digits 2-4