Muscles Of The Body Flashcards
In the body, what does inferior and superior refer to?
The relationship of body areas, above (e.g. the head) and below (e.g. the feet).
In the body, what do anterior and posterior refer to?
The front and the rear of the body. Anterior is the front and posterior is the back.
In the body what is the medial and lateral?
A body part or movement towards the midline and away from the midline of the body. Towards the midline is medial and away is lateral.
In the body, What is proximal and distal?
The muscle attachment nearest to the midline and furthest away from the midline.
What is ‘cranial’ and ‘caudal’?
Cranial- “skull.” It’s used to refer to things that are closer to the head or the top of the body. For instance, in the context of human anatomy, the shoulders are cranial to the hips. The term is often used interchangeably with “superior” when referring to the human body in anatomical position.
Caudal- tail.” This term is used to refer to things that are closer to the tail, or the bottom or rear of the body. For example, the hips are caudal to the shoulders. In humans, “caudal” is often used interchangeably with “inferior.
How many muscles are there in the body?
700
What two things are muscles able to do?
Contract or relax (known as the all or nothing principle)
Describe the central nervous system
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The brain controls how we think, learn, move, and feel. The spinal cord carries messages back and forth between the brain and the nerves that run throughout the body.
Describe the peripheral nervous system
Your peripheral nervous system is everything else and includes nerves that travel from your spinal cord and brain to supply your face and the rest of your body.
The nervous system as a whole has two divisions, what are these and what do they do?
The autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system
Somatic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles.
The autonomic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal.
What are the three types of muscle?
Cardiac, smooth, skeletal
Where is the deltoid in the body?
The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular-shaped muscle that lies over the glenohumeral joint and which gives the shoulder its rounded contour.
Where does the deltoid muscle originate and insert?
It originates from the shoulder girdle and inserts onto the humerus
Where are the pectoral muscles?
The large muscles on the chest
Where does the pectoral muscle originate and insert into?
It originates on the clavicle and inserts onto the humerus
