Muscles of the Back

Question 1

What do extrinsic muscles move?

Answer 1

upper limbs and pectoral girdle

Question 2

What do intrinsic muscles move and its role?

Answer 2

vertebral column (spine); maintain erect posture, proprioception

Question 3

Where are the strong attachments of fascia in the lower lumbar?

Answer 3

Dimples indicating posterior superior ilian spines

Question 4

Where is the site of nuchal ligament?

Answer 4

Nuchal groove

Question 5

Triangle of Auscultation

Answer 5

less tissue, easier to hear breathing sounds

Question 6

Lumbar Triangle is also known as what?

Answer 6

inferior lumbar triangle; triangle of petit

Question 7

Lumbar Triangle

Answer 7

slight weakening in lateral abdominal wall, prone to herniation

Question 8

what 2 groups are thoracolumbar fascia separated by

Answer 8

Extrinsic and intrinsic back muscles

Question 9

what are intrinsic back muscles and its innervation?

Answer 9

epaxial; dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 10

what are extrinsic back muscles and its innervation

Answer 10

hypaxial; ventral rami of spinal nerves

Question 11

Latissimus dori

Answer 11

extrinsic back muscle (hypaxial and innvervated by ventral rami)

Question 12

superficial layer of extrinsic back muscles

Answer 12

trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 13

intermediate/ middle layer of extrinsic back muscles

Answer 13

Levator scapulae, Rhomboid minor & major

Question 14

deep layer of extrinsic back muscles

Answer 14

Seratus posterior superior & inferior (vertical muscles; serratus= type of knife)

Question 15

erector spinae group of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 15

lliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 16

transversospinalis group of intrinsic back muscles

Answer 16

multifidus, semispinalis, rotatores

Question 17

general groups of intrinsic muscles

Answer 17

erector and transversospinalis group

Question 18

general extrinsic muscles of the back

Answer 18

serratus posterior, latissimus dorsi, trapezius

Question 19

Dorsal ramus

Answer 19

innervates intrinsic back muscles and skin

Question 20

Ventral ramus

Answer 20

innervate extrinsic back muscles

Question 21

location of ventral ramus

Answer 21

anterior and lateral trunk; limbs

Question 22

ventral ramus components?

Answer 22

cervical plexus, brachial plexus, intercostal nerves

Question 23

muscles that move shoulder and arm

Answer 23

extrinsic

Question 24

what extrinsic back muscle has both motor and sensory innervation?

Answer 24

trapezius

Question 25

Motor and Sensory Innervation of trapezius

Answer 25

motor: Cranial nerve XI #11 sensory: Cervical Plexus (C3 &C4)

Question 26

Latissimus dorsi motor innervation

Answer 26

brachial plexus

Question 27

levator scapulae motor innervation

Answer 27

cervical plexus

Question 28

Rhomboid minor and major motor innervation

Answer 28

brachial plexus

Question 29

Serratus posterior superior & inferior innervation

Answer 29

intercostal nerve branches

Question 30

What are extrinsic back muscles also called?

Answer 30

posterior axioappendicular muscles

Question 31

Posterior axioappendicular muscles

Answer 31

Def: extrinsic back muscles connect the axial to appendicular skeleton

Question 32

How are posterior muscles attached?

Answer 32

attached the scapular and humerus (upper arm bone) to spine and ribs (axial skeleton)

Question 33

For extrinsic (hypaxial) muscles, all but 1 are innervated by what?

Answer 33

ventral rami from cervical or brachial plexuses in neck

Question 34

hypaxial muscles that move scapula and humerus

Answer 34

Superficial: trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 35

hypaxial muscles that move scapula

Answer 35

Middle: levator scapulae, rhomboid minor and major

Question 36

hypaxial muscles that move ribs

Answer 36

serratus posterior superior and inferior

Question 37

serratus posterior superior

Answer 37

elevate ribs

Question 38

serratus posterior inferior

Answer 38

deevelate ribs

Question 39

how are intrinsic back muscles run

Answer 39

longitudinally

Question 40

location of intrinsic back muscles relative to serratus posterior muscles

Answer 40

deep

Question 41

intrinsic back muscles enclosed by

Answer 41

thoracolumnbar fascia

Question 42

Semispinalis capitis

Answer 42

attached to back of neck, deep to trapezius, innervated by dorsi rami, come from nuchal ligament

Question 43

semispinalis cervicis

Answer 43

attach from cervical

Question 44

semispinalis thoracis

Answer 44

most prominent in thoracic region, deep to the splenius

Question 45

Multifidus

Answer 45

most prominent in thoracic region, goes from lower lumbar to next

Question 46

superfical layer of intrinsic muscles

Answer 46

erector spinae

Question 47

deep layer of intrinsic muscles

Answer 47

transversospinalis

Question 48

splenius group

Answer 48

capitus, cervicis

Question 49

erector spinae group

Answer 49

lliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 50

transversospinalis group

Answer 50

multifidus, rotatores, semispinalis

Question 51

In erector spinae, what runs from lumbar to neck?

Answer 51

llicostalis

Question 52

In erector spinae, what runs from thoracic to head?

Answer 52

longissimus

Question 53

In erector spinae, what runs up and down the spin AND most thick in lower lumbar?

Answer 53

spinalis

Question 54

splenius

Answer 54

attach to spinous processes to transerve processes

Question 55

erector spinae actions

Answer 55

active bilaterally- extend the trunk | active unilaterally- laterally flex (bend) the trunk

Question 56

transversospinalis actions

Answer 56

active bilaterally- assist erector spinae trunk extension | active unilaterally- rotate (twist) trunk to oppsoite side of muscle activity

Question 57

how many segments in rotatores longus and brevis

Answer 57

rotatores longus- 2 | rotatores brevis- 1

Question 58

what is transversospinalis additional group called?

Answer 58

segmental muscles

Question 59

segmental muscles groups of transversospinalis

Answer 59

levator costarum, intertransversarii, interspinalis