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Anatomy Exam 1 > Muscles of the Back > Flashcards

Muscles of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

What do extrinsic muscles move?

A

upper limbs and pectoral girdle

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2
Q

What do intrinsic muscles move and its role?

A

vertebral column (spine); maintain erect posture, proprioception

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3
Q

Where are the strong attachments of fascia in the lower lumbar?

A

Dimples indicating posterior superior ilian spines

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4
Q

Where is the site of nuchal ligament?

A

Nuchal groove

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5
Q

Triangle of Auscultation

A

less tissue, easier to hear breathing sounds

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6
Q

Lumbar Triangle is also known as what?

A

inferior lumbar triangle; triangle of petit

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7
Q

Lumbar Triangle

A

slight weakening in lateral abdominal wall, prone to herniation

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8
Q

what 2 groups are thoracolumbar fascia separated by

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic back muscles

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9
Q

what are intrinsic back muscles and its innervation?

A

epaxial; dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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10
Q

what are extrinsic back muscles and its innervation

A

hypaxial; ventral rami of spinal nerves

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11
Q

Latissimus dori

A

extrinsic back muscle (hypaxial and innvervated by ventral rami)

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12
Q

superficial layer of extrinsic back muscles

A

trapezius and latissimus dorsi

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13
Q

intermediate/ middle layer of extrinsic back muscles

A

Levator scapulae, Rhomboid minor & major

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14
Q

deep layer of extrinsic back muscles

A

Seratus posterior superior & inferior (vertical muscles; serratus= type of knife)

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15
Q

erector spinae group of intrinsic back muscles

A

lliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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16
Q

transversospinalis group of intrinsic back muscles

A

multifidus, semispinalis, rotatores

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17
Q

general groups of intrinsic muscles

A

erector and transversospinalis group

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18
Q

general extrinsic muscles of the back

A

serratus posterior, latissimus dorsi, trapezius

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19
Q

Dorsal ramus

A

innervates intrinsic back muscles and skin

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20
Q

Ventral ramus

A

innervate extrinsic back muscles

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21
Q

location of ventral ramus

A

anterior and lateral trunk; limbs

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22
Q

ventral ramus components?

A

cervical plexus, brachial plexus, intercostal nerves

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23
Q

muscles that move shoulder and arm

A

extrinsic

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24
Q

what extrinsic back muscle has both motor and sensory innervation?

25
Q

Motor and Sensory Innervation of trapezius

A

motor: Cranial nerve XI #11
sensory: Cervical Plexus (C3 &C4)

26
Q

Latissimus dorsi motor innervation

A

brachial plexus

27
Q

levator scapulae motor innervation

A

cervical plexus

28
Q

Rhomboid minor and major motor innervation

A

brachial plexus

29
Q

Serratus posterior superior & inferior innervation

A

intercostal nerve branches

30
Q

What are extrinsic back muscles also called?

A

posterior axioappendicular muscles

31
Q

Posterior axioappendicular muscles

A

Def: extrinsic back muscles connect the axial to appendicular skeleton

32
Q

How are posterior muscles attached?

A

attached the scapular and humerus (upper arm bone) to spine and ribs (axial skeleton)

33
Q

For extrinsic (hypaxial) muscles, all but 1 are innervated by what?

A

ventral rami from cervical or brachial plexuses in neck

34
Q

hypaxial muscles that move scapula and humerus

A

Superficial: trapezius and latissimus dorsi

35
Q

hypaxial muscles that move scapula

A

Middle: levator scapulae, rhomboid minor and major

36
Q

hypaxial muscles that move ribs

A

serratus posterior superior and inferior

37
Q

serratus posterior superior

A

elevate ribs

38
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

deevelate ribs

39
Q

how are intrinsic back muscles run

A

longitudinally

40
Q

location of intrinsic back muscles relative to serratus posterior muscles

41
Q

intrinsic back muscles enclosed by

A

thoracolumnbar fascia

42
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

attached to back of neck, deep to trapezius, innervated by dorsi rami, come from nuchal ligament

43
Q

semispinalis cervicis

A

attach from cervical

44
Q

semispinalis thoracis

A

most prominent in thoracic region, deep to the splenius

45
Q

Multifidus

A

most prominent in thoracic region, goes from lower lumbar to next

46
Q

superfical layer of intrinsic muscles

A

erector spinae

47
Q

deep layer of intrinsic muscles

A

transversospinalis

48
Q

splenius group

A

capitus, cervicis

49
Q

erector spinae group

A

lliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

50
Q

transversospinalis group

A

multifidus, rotatores, semispinalis

51
Q

In erector spinae, what runs from lumbar to neck?

A

llicostalis

52
Q

In erector spinae, what runs from thoracic to head?

A

longissimus

53
Q

In erector spinae, what runs up and down the spin AND most thick in lower lumbar?

54
Q

splenius

A

attach to spinous processes to transerve processes

55
Q

erector spinae actions

A

active bilaterally- extend the trunk

active unilaterally- laterally flex (bend) the trunk

56
Q

transversospinalis actions

A

active bilaterally- assist erector spinae trunk extension

active unilaterally- rotate (twist) trunk to oppsoite side of muscle activity

57
Q

how many segments in rotatores longus and brevis

A

rotatores longus- 2

rotatores brevis- 1

58
Q

what is transversospinalis additional group called?

A

segmental muscles

59
Q

segmental muscles groups of transversospinalis

A

levator costarum, intertransversarii, interspinalis

Anatomy Exam 1 (6 decks)

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