Muscles of Lower Limb Flashcards
Adductor brevis
Origin: Body of inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera and spiral line of femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Adductor brevis
Origin: Body of inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera and spiral line of femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Adductor longus
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Adductor longus
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Adductor longus
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Adductor magnus
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus and tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: Linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and medial supracondylar line of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Adductor magnus
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus and tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: Linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and medial supracondylar line of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Adductor magnus
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus and tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: Linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and medial supracondylar line of femur
Action: Adducts and medially rotates thigh, extends thigh at hip
Biceps femoris, long head
Origin:Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: head of fibula
Action: Flexes knee; extends hip; elevates trunk from stooping posture; laterally rotates tibia on femur; laterally rotates femur; counteracts forward bending at hips
Biceps femoris, short head
Origin: Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: head of fibula
Action: Flexes knee; extends hip; elevates trunk from stooping posture; laterally rotates tibia on femur; laterally rotates femur; counteracts forward bending at hips
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia; shaft fo fibula; interosseous membrane
Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges II-V
Action: Extends toes; dorsiflexes foot; tautens plantar aponeurosis
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia; shaft fo fibula; interosseous membrane
Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges II-V
Action: Extends toes; dorsiflexes foot; tautens plantar aponeurosis
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia; shaft fo fibula; interosseous membrane
Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges II-V
Action: Extends toes; dorsiflexes foot; tautens plantar aponeurosis
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin:Anterior surface of middle of fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx I
Action: Extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot
Fibularis brevis
Origin: Lateral surface of distal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Base of MT-V
Action: Maintains concavity of sole dring toe-off and tiptoeing
Fibularis brevis
Origin: Lateral surface of distal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Base of MT-V
Action: Maintains concavity of sole dring toe-off and tiptoeing
Fibularis brevis
Origin: Lateral surface of distal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Base of MT-V
Action: Maintains concavity of sole dring toe-off and tiptoeing
Fibularis longus
Origin: Head and lateral surface of proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during toe-off and tiptoeing; everts and plantar flexes foot
Fibularis longus
Origin: Head and lateral surface of proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during toe-off and tiptoeing; everts and plantar flexes foot
Fibularis longus
Origin: Head and lateral surface of proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during toe-off and tiptoeing; everts and plantar flexes foot
Fibularis longus
Origin: Head and lateral surface of proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during toe-off and tiptoeing; everts and plantar flexes foot
Fibularis longus
Origin: Head and lateral surface of proximal 2/3 of fibula
Insertion: Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Maintains concavity of sole during toe-off and tiptoeing; everts and plantar flexes foot
Fibularis tertius
Origin:Medial surface of lower fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Metatarsal V
Action: Dosiflexes and everts foot during walking, helps toes clear the ground
Fibularis tertius
Origin:Medial surface of lower fibula, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Metatarsal V
Action: Dosiflexes and everts foot during walking, helps toes clear the ground
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Posterior surface of tibial shaft
Insertion: Distal phalanges II-V
Action: Flexes phalanges of digits II-V; stabilizes metatarsal heads, aids in tip-toeing
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Posterior surface of tibial shaft
Insertion: Distal phalanges II-V
Action: Flexes phalanges of digits II-V; stabilizes metatarsal heads, aids in tip-toeing
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: Distal 2/3 of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx I
Action: Flexes phalanx I as foot is raised
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: Distal 2/3 of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx I
Action: Flexes phalanx I as foot is raised
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: Distal 2/3 of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx I
Action: Flexes phalanx I as foot is raised
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Condyles, popliteal surface, and lateral supracondylar line of femur; capsule of knee joint
Insertion:Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexes foot, flexes knee, active in walking, running, and jumping
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Condyles, popliteal surface, and lateral supracondylar line of femur; capsule of knee joint
Insertion:Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexes foot, flexes knee, active in walking, running, and jumping
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Posterior gluteal line of ilium, posterior surface from iliac crest to posterior superior spine, coccyx, lower sacrum, aponeurosis of erector spinae
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur, lateral condyle of tibia via IT band
Action: Extends thigh at hip, abducts thigh, elevates trunk
Gluteus medius
Origin: Most of lateral surface of ilium between crest and acetabulumn
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abduct and medially rotate thigh
Gluteus minimus
Origin: Most of lateral surface of ilium between crest and acetabulumn
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abduct and medially rotate thigh
Gracilis
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium
Insertion: Medial surface of tibia just below condyle
Action: Flexes and medially rotates tibia at knee
Iliacus
Origin: Iliac crest and fossa, superolateral region of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments
Insertion: Lesser trochanter and nearby shaft of femur
Action: Flexes thigh at hip, balances trunk during sitting
Pectineus
Origin: Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Spiral line of femur
Action: Flexes and adducts thigh
Piriformis
Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum; gluteal surface of ilium; capsule of sacroiliac joint
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh
Piriformis
Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum; gluteal surface of ilium; capsule of sacroiliac joint
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh
Plantaris
Origin: Inferior lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion: Posterior calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexes foot
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur; lateral meniscus and joint capsule
Insertion: Posterior surface of upper tibia
Action: Rotates tibia medially or femur laterally; unlocks knee to allow flexion
Psoas major
Origin: Bodies and tervertebral disks ov T12-L5, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Lesser trochanter and nearby shaft of femur
Action: Flexes thigh at hip, balances trunk during sitting
Rectus femoris
Origin: Ilium at anterior inferior spine and superior margin of acetabulum; capsul of hip joint
Insertion: Patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medal condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee, flexes thigh at hip, flexes trunk on hip if thigh is fixed
Sartorius
Origin: On and near anterior superior spine of ilium
Insertion: Medial surface of proximal end of tibia
Action: Aids in knee nd hip flexion, abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Semimembranosus
Origin:Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle and nearby margin of tibia; intercondylar line and lateral condyle of femur; ligament of popliteal region
Action: Flexes knee; medially rotates tibia on femur when knee is flexed; medially rtates femur when hip isextended; counteracts forward bending at hips
Semitendinosus
Origin:Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial surface of upper tibia
Action: Flexes knee; medially rotates tibia on femur when knee is flexed; medially rtates femur when hip isextended; counteracts forward bending at hips
Soleus
Origin: Posterior surface of head and proximal 1/4 of fibula; middle 1/3 of tiba, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action:Plantar flexes foot; steadies leg on ankle during standing
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: Iliac crest, anterior superior spine, deep surface of fascia lata
Insertion:lateral condyle of tibia via IT band
Action: Extends knee, laterally rotates tibia, abduction and medial rotation of femur
Tibialis anterior
Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral margin of proximal half of tibia, interosseous membrane
Insertion:Medial cuneiform, MT-I
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot; resists backward tipping of body; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
Tibialis posterior
Origin: Posterior surface of proximal half of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Navicular, medial cuneiform, MT II-IV
Action: Inverts foot
Tibialis posterior
Origin: Posterior surface of proximal half of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Navicular, medial cuneiform, MT II-IV
Action: Inverts foot
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces o femoral shaft
Insertion: Patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee
Vastus lateralis
Origin: Femur at greater trochanter and intertrochanteric line, gluteal tuberosity, and linea aspera
Insertion: Patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee;retains patella in groove on femur during knee movements
Vastus medialis
Origin: Femur at intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line
Insertion: Patella; tibial tuberosity; lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee;retains patella in groove on femur during knee movements
