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Head and Neck Anatomy > Muscles of Facial Expression > Flashcards

Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards

1
Q

Canthus

A

Angle of the eye

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2
Q

Ala

A

Wing, lateral aspect of nostril

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3
Q

Philtrum

A

Depression on upper lip area

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4
Q

Philtral ridges

A

Ridges on either side of philtrum

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5
Q

Labiomental groove

A

Groove between chin and lower lip

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6
Q

Nasolabial furrow

A

Groove from lateral nose to lateral lip

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7
Q

Labial tubercle

A

Bulge in midline of upper lip

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8
Q

Labial commissure

A

Thin corner of mouth where lips come together

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9
Q

Columnella

A

“Column” of tissue between nostrils

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10
Q

Modiolus

A

Thickening in cheek near labial commissure caused by crossing over of buccinator muscle fibers

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11
Q

Palpebrae

A

Eyelid (superior and inferior)

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12
Q

Rules of muscles of facial expression

A
  1. Origin: bone or deep fascia; Insertion: skin or other muscles of facial expression
  2. Variable size, placement, and strength and they change with age
  3. All muscles of facial expression are innervated by the facial nerve
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13
Q

What openings of the skull are the muscles of facial expression found around?

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Orbit
  3. Nose
  4. Ear
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14
Q

Muscles of the scalp

A

Occipitofrontalis/Epicranius

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15
Q

Galea Aponeurotica

A
  • Epicranial Aponeurosis

- Joins frontal and occipital bellies of occipitofrontalis/epicranius

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16
Q

General rule of wrinkles

A

Muscles of facial expression will have wrinkles perpendicular to muscle fibers due to insertion into skin

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17
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the ear

A
  1. Auricularis posterior
  2. Auricularis anterior
  3. Auricularis superior
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18
Q

Muscles around orbit

A
  1. Orbicularis oculi

2. Corrugator Supercilii

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19
Q

Parts of orbicularis oculi (actions)

A
  1. Orbital part (“wink”/contorts eye)
  2. Palpebral part (“blink”/closes eyelid)
  3. Lacrimal part
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20
Q

Muscles of the nose

A
  1. Procerus
  2. Nasalis
  3. Depressor septi
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21
Q

Procerus action

A

Wrinkles nose (horizontal wrinkles)

22
Q

Parts of Nasalis

A
  1. Compressor

2. Dilator

23
Q

Origin of compressor part of nasalis

A

Maxilla over root of canine/canine eminence

24
Q

Dilator part of nasalis (origin, insertion, action)

A
  • Origin: maxilla over root of lateral incisor
  • Insertion: ala of nostril
  • Action: dilates/flares nostrils
25
Q

Depressor Septi (origin, insertion, action)

A
  • Origin: maxilla over root of central incisor
  • Insertion: columnella
  • Action: depresses nasal septum
26
Q

Muscles of the mouth

A
  1. Levator labii superioris alaque nasi
  2. Levator labii superioris
  3. Levator anguli oris
  4. Zygomaticus minor
  5. Zygomaticus major
  6. Risorius
  7. Buccinator
  8. Depressor anguli oris
  9. Depressor labii inferioris
  10. Mentalis
  11. Orbicularis oris
27
Q

What is the main elevator of the upper lip?

A

Levator labii superioris

28
Q

Origin of the levator labii superioris

A

Infraorbital rim (covers infraorbital foramen)

29
Q

Another name for levator anguli oris

A

Canine muscle

30
Q

Origin of the levator anguli oris

A

Canine fossa

31
Q

Which muscles does the zygomaticus minor commonly blend with?

A
  1. Orbicularis oculi

2. Levator labii superioris

32
Q

Zygomaticus major (origin and insertion)

A
  • Origin: zygomatic bone

- Insertion: anguli oris

33
Q

Origin of risorius

A

Deep fascia over parotid gland and masseter muscle (parotideomasseteric fascia)

34
Q

Action of risorius

A

“smirk” muscle

35
Q

Old name of depressor anguli oris

A

Triangularis muscle

36
Q

Old name of depressor labii inferioris

A

Quadrilateral muscle

37
Q

What muscle of facial expression covers the mental foramen?

A

Depressor labii inferioris

38
Q

Origin of the mentalis

A

Sides of the mental protuberance

39
Q

Action of the mentalis

A

“pouting” muscle

40
Q

Platysma (origin and insertion)

A
  • Origin: deep fascia over pectoralis major and deltoid

- Insertion: body of mandible with some muscle fibers to angle of mandible (between risorius and depressor anguli oris)

41
Q

What forms the superior and inferior limits of the pterygomandibular raphe?

A
  • Superior: pterygoid hamulus

- Inferior: most posterior point of mylohyoid line

42
Q

What muscles form the pterygomandibular raphe?

A
  1. Superior pharyngeal constrictor

2. Buccinator

43
Q

Origin of buccinator

A
  • Superior: 0.25” superior to alveolar crest of maxilla over molars
  • Posterior: Pterygomandibular raphe
  • Inferior: 0.25” inferior to alveolar crest of mandible over molars
44
Q

Insertion of buccinator

A
  1. Upper and lower lips

2. Deeper strata of orbicularis oris

45
Q

Buccal space

A

Space between buccinator and anterior border of masseter

46
Q

What fills the buccal space?

A

Buccal fat pad

47
Q

Suctorial pad

A

Large buccal fat pad in infants

48
Q

What fascia covers the superior pharyngeal constrictor and buccinator?

A

Buccopharyngeal fascia

49
Q

Where does the parotid duct open into the oral cavity?

A

in the vestibule opposite the maxillary second molar via the parotid papilla

50
Q

What layers does the parotid duct pass through as it goes into the oral cavity (superficial to deep)?

A
  1. Buccal fat pad
  2. Buccopharyngeal fascia
  3. Buccinator
  4. Oral mucosa

Head and Neck Anatomy (10 decks)

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