MUSCLES + LIGS OF THE VC AND BACK Flashcards
Where does the anterior longitudinal lig run
Runs along the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies of the whole vertebral column
What is the function of the anterior longitudinal lig
- Tightens in extension of spine
- Assists the prevention of extreme extension
Where does the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament run
Runs along the posterior surface of the vertebral bodies and the whole of the vertebral column
What Is the function of the posterior longitudinal lig
- Stretches,,therefore tightens when the spine flexes
- Assists in limiting flexion
Where does the Supraspinous ligament run
Runs along the length of the whole column, attaching to the tips of the spinous processes of the vertebrae
What is the function of the sacrospinous lig
- Tightens in full flexion which helps to limit this movement
- In the neck, where the lig continues upwards to attach to the external occipital protuberance (know as the nuchal ligament)
Where does the Interspinous ligament run
These are short 1-segment ligaments that attach to the underside of one spinous process to the upper edge of the spinous process below
What is the function of the interspinous lig
Assist in limiting flexion of spine
Where does the intertransverse lig run
These are short 1- or 2-segments that run between the transverse process of almost successive vertebrae
What is the function of the intertransverse lig
- Limit lateral flexion
- Provides stability
- Provide proprioceptive information about the position of the vertebrae
- Responsible for the accessory process of lumbar vertebrae
Where does the ligamentum flavum run
Short 1-segment ligaments that join the adjacent laminate
What is the function of ligamentum flavum
A theory as to the use of this uncommon tissue composition is: a collagenous ligament allowing the same amount of movement would be very loose in the unstretched position, and might interfere with the spinal cord (impinge it).
Where does the alar lig run
Joins the dens to the occipital condyles
What is the functions of the alar lig
The left alar ligament becomes taut when the head is turned too far to the right
What is the function of the apical lig
-Helps hold the dens to the occipital bone
- Theoretically stops the atlas and head separating vertically
Where does the Anterior Atlanto-occipital membrane (AOM) run
An upward continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament
What is the function of the Anterior Atlanto-occipital membrane (AOM)
Resists extreme head extension
Where does the Posterior Atlanto-occipital membrane (AOM) run
An upward continuation of the Ligamentum flavum
What is the function of the Posterior Atlanto-occipital membrane (AOM)
- Protects the spinal cord
Where does the tectorial membrane run
An upward continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament
What is the functions of the tectorial membrane
Gets tight in extreme head flexion
What does the cruciate lig (vertical part) attach
Attaches the base of the dens to the occipital bone
What does the cruciate lig (transverse part) do
Attaches to the left and right arches of the atlas, holding forwards the dens
Where does the nuchal lig run
An upwards continuation of the supraspinous lig in the neck
What is the functions of the nuchal lig
- important for resisting flexion and returning to extension
- provides muscle attachment to cervical SP
- extends the SP of the cervical vertebrae and extends from the base of the skull to the 7th cervical vertebrae
What is the origin of trapezius
- nuchal lig
- external occipital protuberance
- spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae T4-T1
Insertion of trapezius
- clavicle
- spine of scapulae
