Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S1 EXAM PREP- FA > MUSCLES + LIGS OF THE LOWER LIMB > Flashcards

MUSCLES + LIGS OF THE LOWER LIMB Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superficial gluteal muscles

A
  • gluteus Maximus
  • gluteus medius
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the origin of glut max

A
  • posterior gluteal line
  • lateral surface of sacrum and coccyx
  • thoracolumbar fascia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the insertion of glut max

A
  • gluteal tuberosity (deep part)
  • into the ITB, which insets on Gerdys tubercle of the tibia (superficial part)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the LOP/actions of glut max

A
  • extends and laterally rotates hip joitn
  • adduction of hip joint (lowest fibres)
  • hip abduction (uppermost fibres, as the have a moment arm for this)
  • fibre in the middle of glut max has a LOP that passes straight through the axis therefore it has zero moment arm therefore doesn’t abduct or adduct the hip joitn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the origin of glut medius

A
  • between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on the gluteal surface of the ilium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the insertion of glut medius

A
  • lateral aspect of the great trochanter of femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the LOP/actions of glut medius

A
  • abduction of the hip
  • hip flexion and internal rotation (front most part)
  • hip extension and external rotation (back most part)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the origin of gluteus minimus

A
  • between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines of the gluteal surface of ilium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the insertion of glut minimus

A
  • anterior aspect of the greater trochanter of femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the LOP/actions of glut minimus

A
  • abduction of the hip
  • hip flexion and internal rotation (front most part)
  • hip extension and external rotation (back most part)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens when gluteus medius and minimus are activated

A
  • this is muscle synergy
  • their flexion-extension and internal-external rotations will cancel out
  • this leaves pure abduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 6 lateral rotators of the hip

A
  • Piriformis
  • Gemellus superior
  • Obturator internus
  • Gemellus inferior
  • obturator externus
  • Quadratus Femoris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the origin of Piriformis

A
  • anterior surface of sacrum
  • gluteal surface of ilium, near PIIS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the insertion of Piriformis

A
  • greater trochanter of the femur (apex)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Piriformis

A
  • hip abduction and lateral rotation
  • it neither flexes or extends the hip as it’s LOP passes through the AOR (therefore it has a zero moment arm)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the origin of Gemellus superior

A
  • ischial spine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the origin of Gemellus superior

A
  • ischial spine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the insertion of Gemellus superior

A
  • greater trochanter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the LOP/actions of gemellus superior

A
  • has a LOP that passes straight through the hip joint for abduction/adduction and flexion/extension
  • has a moment arm for lateral rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the origin of Obturator internus

A
  • posterior surface of the obturator membrane
  • body boundaries of Obturator foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the insertion of Obturator internus

A
  • greater trochanter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the LOP of Obturator internus

A
  • has a LOP that passes straight through the hip joint for abduction/adduction and flexion/extension
  • has a moment arm for lateral rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the origin for Gemellus inferior

A
  • ischial tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the insertion for Gemellus inferior

A

Greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the LOP/action of Gemellus inferior

A
  • has a LOP that passes straight through the hip joint for abduction/adduction and flexion/extension
  • has a moment arm for lateral rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the origin of Obturator externus

A
  • anterior surface of obturator membrane
  • bony boundaries of obturator foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the insertion of obturator externus

A
  • greater trochanter on the trochanteric fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the LOP/actions of

A
  • hip adduction (as it has a moment arm for this)
  • as its LOP passes straight through the AOR in the other two views, it has zero moment arms for hip flexion, extension, medial or lateral rotation !
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the origin of Quadratus Femoris

A

Lateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity (it originates from hamstring)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the insertion of Quadratus Femoris

A

Greater trochanter on the quadrate tubercle on the trochanteric crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Quadratus Femoris

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip extension
  • hip lateral rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the sciatic nerve

A

It is a loose binding of two functional nerves - common fibular and tibial nerve. It leaves the pelvis vials the greater sciatic for area and enters the posterior thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Where should clinicians perform buttock injections

A

Above the nerve as it means they are less likely to jab the sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the origin of the sciatic nerve

A

L4, L5, S1-S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the insertion of the sciatic nerve

A

Greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Where do the superior and gluteal vessels pass through

A

The greater sciatic foramen, along with the superior gluteal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Where are the superior and gluteal vessels (arteries and veins) and nerve located

A

Their location is determined by their relation to Piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the origin of tensor fascia latae (TFL)

A
  • ASIS
  • anterior iliac crest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the insertion of TFL

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia, via the ITB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the LOP/actions of TFL

A
  • hip abduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip medial rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the origin of the Iliotibial band (ITB)

A
  • iliac crest
  • hip joint capsule
  • TFL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the origin of the Iliotibial band (ITB)

A
  • iliac crest
  • hip joint capsule
  • TFL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the insertion of ITB

A
  • Lateral condyle of the tibia, gerdy’s tubercle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the origin of Psoas major

A
  • vertebral bodies of T12-L4
  • intervertebral discs between T12-L4
  • TP of L1-L5 vertebrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is the insertion of Psoas major

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur, via the iliopsoas tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Psoas major

A
  • hip joint adduction (medial fibres)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is the origin of Psoas minor

A

Vertebral bodies of T12 and L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the insertion of Psoas minor

A
  • superior pubic ramus
  • Iliopubic eminence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Psoas minor

A
  • has no action on the hip as it doesn’t cross the hip joint ]
  • weak flexion/lateral flexion of trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the origin of Iliacus

A

Iliac fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the insertion of Iliacus

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Iliacus

A
  • hip joint abduction (lateral fibres)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Out of Iliacus and Psoas major, which is more of a hip abductor

A

Iliacus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what are the 5 hip adductors

A
  • Gracilis
  • adductor longus
  • Pectineus
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor Magnus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Which is known as a two-joint hip adductor

A

Gracilis as it insets on the leg, therefore acts across the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What is the origin of Gracilis

A
  • anterior body of pubis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is the insertion of the gracilis

A

Medial surface of tibia, via pes anserinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Gracilis

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip internal rotation
  • hip flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is the origin of adductor longus

A
  • pubic body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What is the insertion of adductor longus

A

Medial lip of linea aspera of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What is the LOP/actions of adductor longus

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is the origin of Pectineus

A
  • Superior pubic ramus
  • Pectineal line of pubis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What is the insertion of Pectineus

A
  • Pectineal line of femur
  • linea aspera of femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is the LOP/actions of Pectineus

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is the origin of adductor brevis

A
  • Inferior pubic ramus
  • anterior body of pubis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is the insertion of adductor brevis

A
  • medial lip of linea aspera of the femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What is the LOP/actions of adductor brevis

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What are the two parts of adductor Magnus

A
  • true adductor part
  • ex hamstring part
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What is the uppermost part of adductor Magnus called

A

Adductor minimus/adductor quartus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

What is the origin of adductor magus (‘true’ adductor part)

A

Inferior pubic ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What is the insertion of adductor Magnus (‘true’ adductor part)

A
  • gluteal tuberosity
  • medial lip of linea aspera
  • medial supracondylar lien
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is the LOP/actions of adductor Magnus (‘true’ adductor part)

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What is the origin of adductor Magnus (ex-hamstring part)

A
  • ischial tuberosity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor Magnus (ex hamstring part)

A

Adductor tubercle of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

What is the LOP/actions of adductor Magnus (ex hamstring part)

A
  • hip adduction
  • hip extension
  • hip internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What are the 4 quadriceps Femoris muscles

A
  • rectus Femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus intermedius
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What is the origin of rectus Femoris

A

AIIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What is the insertion of rectus Femoris

A

Patella via the quadriceps Femoris tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the LOP/actions of rectus Femoris

A
  • knee extension
  • hip flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

What is the origin of vastus medialis

A
  • intertrochanteric line of femur
  • medial lip of linea aspera
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

What is the insertion of vastus medialis

A

Patella via quadriceps tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

What is the LOP/actions of vastus medialis

A
  • knee extension
  • pulls the patella up and in
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis

A
  • greater trochanter of femur
  • lateral lip of linea aspera
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

What is the insertion of vastus lateralis

A

Patella via quadriceps Femoris tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

What is the LOP/actions of vastus lateralis

A
  • knee extension
  • pulls patella up and out
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

What is the origin of vastus intermedius

A
  • anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

What is the insertion of vastus intermedius

A
  • fibres insert into the top of knee capsule
  • patella via quadriceps Femoris tendon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

What is the LOP/actions of vastus intermedius

A
  • ## knee extension
89
Q

What is the origin of sartorius

A

ASIS

90
Q

What is the insertion of sartorius

A

Tibia at the pes anserinus

91
Q

What is the LOP/actions of sartorius

A
  • hip abduction
  • hip flexion
  • hip lateral rotation
92
Q

Where does the posterior (dorsal) interosseous sacroiliac lig run between

A

From the iliac tuberosity to the posterior surface of the sacrum

93
Q

What is the function of the posterior (dorsal) interosseous sacroiliac lig

A
  • prevents forward and downward dislocation Of Sarum from ilia
  • prevents sacral nutation (rotation in sagittal plane which moves the top forward and coccyx backwards)
94
Q

Where does the Inguinal lig run between

A

Runs between ASIS and pubic tubercle

95
Q

What is the function of the Inguinal lig

A
  • doesn’t cross a joint so it cannot limit any joint movement
  • serves as an attachment for the abdominal wall muscles
  • protects important structures that pass beneath it (femoral vessels and nerves) as they travel from trunk to thigh
96
Q

What is the function of the Inguinal lig

A
  • doesn’t cross a joint so it cannot limit any joint movement
  • serves as an attachment for the abdominal wall muscles
  • protects important structures that pass beneath it (femoral vessels and nerves) as they travel from trunk to thigh
97
Q

Where does the long posterior sacroilaic lig run between

A

From the PSIS to the lateral crest of the sacrum

98
Q

What is the function of the long posterior sacroiliac lig

A

Prevents extreme counternutation

99
Q

Where does the iliolumbar lig run between

A

Runs from iliac crest to transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra

100
Q

What is the function of iliolumbar lig

A
  • prevents forward dislocation (glide/translation) of L5 on the downward-slopping upper surface of the sacrum
101
Q

Where does the Sacrotuberous lig run between

A

Runs from lateral sacrum to ischial tuberosity

102
Q

What is the function of the sacrotuberous lig

A

Prevents sacral nutation

103
Q

Where does the sacrospinous lig run between

A

Runs from the lateral sacrum to ischial spien

104
Q

What is the function of the sacrospinous lig

A

Prevents sacral nutation

105
Q

Where does the anterior longitudinal lig of the spinal column run

A

Runs along anterior surface of the vertebral column, attaching to each vertebra it passes

106
Q

Where does the anterior longitudinal lig of the spinal column run

A

Runs along anterior surface of the vertebral column, attaching to each vertebra it passes

107
Q

What is the function of the anterior longitudinal lig of the spinal column

A

Tightens in and limits spine extension

108
Q

Where is the superior interpubic lig situated

A

It is situated on the superior aspect of the pubic symphysis attaching laterally to the pubic tubercles

109
Q

What is the function of the superior interpubic lig

A

Helps bind the left and right hip bones together at the front across the pubic symphysis

110
Q

Where is the inferior interpubic lig (arcuate lig) located

A

it is a thick fibrous band that connects the inferior parts of the joitn

111
Q

What is the function of the interior interpubic lig (Arcuate lig)

A

Helps bind the left and right hip bones together at the front across the pubic symphysis

112
Q

What is the function of the interior interpubic lig (Arcuate lig)

A

Helps bind the left and right hip bones together at the front across the pubic symphysis

113
Q

Where does the sacrococcygeal lig run

A

It runs between the inferior portion of the sacrum and the coccyx

114
Q

What is the function of the sacrococcygeal lig

A

It strengthens the joint between the sacrum and coccyx which prevents dislocation of the joint

115
Q

Where is the acetabular labrum located

A

It is a fibrocartilaginous ring around the rim of the acetabulum

116
Q

What is the function of the acetabular labrum

A

It deepens the hip joint concavity and serves as part of the attachment of the hip joint capsule

117
Q

Where does the transverse acetabular lig run between

A

It joins the two ends of the acetabular labrum

118
Q

What is the function of the transverse acetabular lig

A
  • converts bony acetabular notch into a foramen by crossing where the acetabular labrum would be
  • nutrient vessels pass through the foramen
119
Q

Where does the Supraspinous lig of the spinal column run

A

Runs alongside the superficial midline of the posterior VC, attaching to the spinous processes as it passes

120
Q

What is the function of the Supraspinous lig of the spinal column

A

Limits extreme flexion of the vertebral column

121
Q

What is the iliofemoral lig

A

The strongest lig in the body

122
Q

What is the function of the iliofemoral lig

A
  • gets tight in hip extension
  • stabilises the hip joint when tight in standing
123
Q

What is the function of the pubofemoral lig

A

Prevents extreme abduction

124
Q

What is the function of the pubofemoral lig

A

Prevents extreme abduction

125
Q

What is the function of the ischiofemoral lig

A

Mostly restricts medial rotation of the hip

126
Q

What are the attachments of the ligament of the head of femur

A

It enters the femur through and within the fovea capitis (a pit). The other end of the leg attaches just deep to the transverse acetabular lig at the acetabular notch

127
Q

What is the attachment of the ligamentum teres

A

It is a weak lig that transmits the acetabular branch of the obturator artery, into the head of the femur

128
Q

What is the function of the ligamentum teres

A

It has little influence on hip joint stabilisation

129
Q

What is the articular surface of acetbular, as a lig

A

It is a Lunate shaped lig that borders the acetabular fossa, which is filled with fat

130
Q

What is the function of the acetabular labrum

A

It deepens the socket that the head of the femur joins, which increases the stability of the hip joint

131
Q

What is the attachment of the tibial/medial collateral lig

A

It attaches the medial femoral epicondyle to the medial condyle of the tibia. It also attaches to the medial meniscus

132
Q

What is the function of the tibial/medial collateral lig

A

Resists abduction (valgus) of the knee

133
Q

What is the function of the tibial/medial collateral lig

A

Resists abduction (valgus) of the knee

134
Q

Where does the fibular/lateral collateral lig run between

A

Attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula

135
Q

Where does the fibular/lateral collateral lig run between

A

Attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula

136
Q

What is the function of the fibular/lateral collateral lig

A

Resists knee adduction (varus stress)

137
Q

What is the attachments of the anterior cruciate lig (ACL)

A

It attaches the back part of the intercondylar area of the femur to the front of the top of the tibia

138
Q

What is the function of the ACL

A

Mostly resists anterior sliding of the tibia relative to the femur

139
Q

What is the attachments of the posterior cruciate lig (PCL)

A

Attaches the front of the intercondylar area of the femur to the back of top of the tibia

140
Q

What is the function of the PCL

A

Mostly resists posterior sliding of the tibia relative to the femur

141
Q

What are the attachments of the lateral and medial meniscus

A

It attaches a tibial spine to another tibial spine

142
Q

What is the function of the lateral and medial meniscus

A

It mostly resists rotators stress at the knee. The four tibial spines comprise the intercondylar eminence

143
Q

What are the functions of the menisci

A

They deepen the joint and contributes to rotational stability

144
Q

What are the attachments of the oblique popliteal lig

A

It is at the back of the knee, it is attached to the tendon of insertion of semimembranosus and it runs laterally from this

145
Q

What is the function of the oblique popliteal lig

A

Stabilises the posterior knee

146
Q

What are the attachments of the arcuate popliteal lig

A

It is at the back of the knee and is a y-shaped from the fibula head and covers the tendon of popliteus

147
Q

What is the function of the arcuate popliteal lig

A

It stabilises the posterior knee

148
Q

What is the attachment posterior mensicofemoral lig

A

It attaches the menisci to the femur and the anterior to the ACL. The menisci are also attached to the fibrous joint capsule by coronary ligs

149
Q

What is another name for the transverse lig

A

Anterior meniscofemoral lig

150
Q

What does the transverse/anterior meniscofemoral lig attach

A

It attaches the 2 menisci together at the front of the knee

151
Q

What is the function of the transverse lig

A

Prevents the menisci from separating and stop their anterior horns from moving forwards

152
Q

Ligament around the ankle joint

A
  • Tibiofibular (anterior, Interosseus and posterior)
  • Medial collateral/Deltoid lig
  • Lateral collateral lig
153
Q

What is the functions of the tibiofibular lig (anterior, Interosseus and posterior)

A
  • all syndesmoses = fibrous Joint in which 2 parallel bones are untied to each other by fibrous connective tissue
  • these bind the tibia to the fibula
154
Q

What is the deltoid ligament

A

A triangular band that attaches to the medial malleolus proximally and to the calcaneus, talus and navicular bones distally
- it has anterior, intermediate, deep and posterior segments

155
Q

What is the function of the deltoid/medial collateral lig

A

To stop Eversion as injury is caused if the foot overinverts

156
Q

What does the tibionavicular lig (superficial part of deltoid lig) compose of

A

Superficial fibres of the medial collateral lig that descend from the medial malleolus to attach distally on the navicular tuberosity

157
Q

What is the function of the tibionavicular lig

A

Resists Eversion of the foot

158
Q

What does the tibiocalcaneal lig (superficial part of deltoid lig) compose of

A

Intermediate part of the medial collateral lig that passes almost vertically downwards from the medial malleolus, attaching onto the sustentaculum tali

159
Q

What is the function of the tibiocalcaneal lig

A

Prevents valgus (knee lock) displacement

160
Q

Where does the anterior Tibiotalar lig (deep part of deltoid lig) originate from

A

Originates from the apex of the medial malleolus, and then descends to attach onto the medial tubercle of the talus

161
Q

What is the function of the anterior Tibiotalar lig

A

Prevents lateral displacement and external rotation of the talus

162
Q

Where does the posterior Tibiotalar lig (deep part of deltoid lig) originate from

A

On the apex of the medial malleolus and attaches to the non-articular posterior part of the medial talar surface

163
Q

What are the attachments of the anterior talofibular lig (lateral collateral lig)

A

It extends between the anterior margin of the lateral malleolus of the fibula to the lateral aspect of the neck of the talus a

164
Q

What is the function of the anterior talofibular lig

A
  • prevents extreme inversions
  • provides passive stability to the ankle joint
165
Q

What is the function of the posterior talofibular lig (lateral collateral lig)

A
  • stops posterior sliding
  • limits external rotation of talus or internal rotation of the fibula
166
Q

What is the attachment of the calcaneofibular lig (lateral collateral lig)

A

Long and thick fibrous cord that connect the calcaneus and fibula
- crossed by the tendons of FL and FB muscle (under the tendons)

167
Q

What are the functions of the calcaneofibular lig

A
  • stabilises ankle joint
  • gets taut in dorsiflexion of ankle
168
Q

What is the origin of gastrocnemius

A

Lateral and medial condyle of the femur

169
Q

What is the insertion of the gastrocnemius

A

Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

170
Q

What is the action of gastrocnemius

A
  • plantarflexion of ankle with an extended knee
  • leg flexion
171
Q

What Is the motor nerve supply of gastrocnemius

A

Tibial nerve (s1, s2)

172
Q

What is the origin of soleus

A

Soleal line and medial border of tibia
Head of fibula

173
Q

What is the insertion of soleus

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

174
Q

What Is the motor nerve supply of soleus

A

Tibial nerve (s1,s2)

175
Q

What is the actions of soleus

A
  • plantarflexion of the foot at ankle joint
176
Q

What is the origin of popliteus

A

Lateral condole of femur and lateral meniscus of knee joint

177
Q

What is the insertion of popliteus

A

Posterior surface of proximal tibia

178
Q

What are the actions of popliteus

A
  • flexion and medial rotation of leg at knee joint
  • lateral rotation of femur on tibia
  • stabilises the knee joint
  • unlocks the knee
179
Q

What Is the motor nerve supply of popliteus

A

Tibial nerve (l4-s1)

180
Q

What is the origin of plantaris

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal lig of knee

181
Q

What is the Insertion of plantaris

A

Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

182
Q

What are the actions of plantaris

A
  • assist gastrocnemius in plantarflexion of the ankle joint
  • leg flexion at knee joint
183
Q

What Is the motor nerve supply of plantaris

A

Tibia nerve (s1,s2)

184
Q

What is the origin of tibialis posterior

A

posterior surface of tibia, posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane

185
Q

What is the insertion of TP

A

tuberosity of navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, bases of 2-4 metatarsal bones

186
Q

What are the actions of TP

A
  • Plantarflexion of foot at ankle joint
  • Foot inversions
  • Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
187
Q

What is the Motor supply of TP

A

Tibial nerves (L4,L5)

188
Q

What is the origin of FDL

A

posterior surface of tibia (inferior to soleal line)

189
Q

What is the insertions of FDL

A

bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

190
Q

What are the actions of FDL

A
  • Flexion of lateral 4 digits
  • Plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
  • Inversion of foot
191
Q

What is the motor supply for FDL

A

Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

192
Q

What is the origin of FHL

A

posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, posterior inter muscular septum of leg

193
Q

What is the Insertion of FHL

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

194
Q

What are the actions of FHL

A
  • Flexion of great toe
  • Weakly plantarflexes ankle
  • Inversion of foot
195
Q

What is the motor supply of FHL

A

Tibial nerve (S2, S3)

196
Q

What is the origin for TA

A

lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane

197
Q

What is the insertion of TA

A

medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1

198
Q

What are the actions of TA

A
  • Dorsiflexion of ankle
  • Inversion of foot
  • Supports medial arch of the foot
199
Q

What is the motor supply of TA

A

Deep Fibular nerve (L4, L5)

200
Q

What is the origin of EHL

A

middle 3rd of medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane

201
Q

What is the insertion for EHL

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

202
Q

What are the actions of EHL

A
  • Extension of great toe
  • Dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
203
Q

What is the motor supply for EHL

A

Deep Fibular nerves (L5, S1)

204
Q

What is the origin of EDB

A

proximal half of medial surface of fibula, lateral tibial condyle, interosseous membrane

205
Q

What is the insertion of EDL

A

distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5

206
Q

What are the actions of EDL

A
  • Extension of lateral 4 digits
  • Dorsiflexion of ankle
  • Eversion of the foot
  • ½ evert and ½ invert
207
Q

What is the motor supply of EDL

A

Deep Fibular nerve (L5, S1)

208
Q

What is the insertion of FT

A

medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, intermuscular septum

209
Q

What is the insertion of FT

A

dorsal surface of base of metatarsal bone 5

210
Q

What are the actions of FT

A
  • Dorsiflexion of ankle
  • Everison/pronation of the foot
211
Q

what is the motor supply of FT

A

Deep Fibular nerve (L5, S1)

212
Q

What is the origin of FL

A

head of fibula, proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of Fibular, intermuscular septa

213
Q

What is the insertion of FL

A

medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1

214
Q

What is the action of FL

A
  • Everison of the foot
  • Weak Plantarflexion of foot at ankle joint
  • Supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot
215
Q

What is the motor supply of FL

A

Superficial Fibular nerves (L5, S1)

216
Q

What is the origin of FB

A

Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula, anterior intermuscular septum

217
Q

What is the insertion of FB

A

tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone

218
Q

What are the actions of FB

A
  • Everison of foot at subtalar joint
  • Weak plantarflexion of foot at ankle/talocrucal joint
219
Q

What is the motor supply of FB

A

Superficial Fibular nerve (L5, S1)

S1 EXAM PREP- FA (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions