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ANTHR 390 > Muscles & Joints - Upper Body > Flashcards

Muscles & Joints - Upper Body Flashcards

1
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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2
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus and corresponding fossa on the scapula.

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3
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus and corresponding fossa on the scapula.

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4
Q

Teres minor

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus and axillary border of scapula.

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5
Q

Subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle of the humerus and corresponding fossa on the scapula.

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6
Q

Deltoideus

A

Deltoid tuberosity to the clavicle and scapula.

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7
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Bicipital groove and attaches at the supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process and radial tuberosity.

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8
Q

Pronator teres

A

Pronator teres muscle attachment to the medial epicondyle.

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9
Q

Supinator

A

Supinator crest to the lateral epicondyle.

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10
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

A fibrous band on the palmar side of the hand near the wrist. It arches over the carpal bones, covering them and forming the carpal tunnel.

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11
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

Dorsal surface of the hand. Also holds together carpal tunnel.

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12
Q

Which three nerves are in the hand?

A

Median
Ulnar
Radial

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13
Q

Median nerve

A

Once it passes through the carpal tunnel, it divides into two branches - recurrent and palmar digital nerves. The palmar digital nerves give sensory innervation to the palmar skin and dorsal nail beds.

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14
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Superficial to the flexor retinaculum on palmar surface.

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15
Q

Radial nerve

A

Superficial to the extensor retinaculum on the doral surface.

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16
Q

What are the three tendons of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

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17
Q

What are the features of a continuous joint?

A
  • bone to bone attachments
  • no joint capsule
  • no synovial fluid
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18
Q

Syndesmosis

A

A fibrous joint in which connective tissue is present to join the two bones.
Ex - the connection between the radius and ulna via the interosseus membrane.

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19
Q

Synchrondosis

A

A cartilaginous joint in which a layer of hyaline cartilage is involved in the connection.
Temporary joint as will disappear with adult bone.
Ex - the fusion of the epiphysis to the diaphysis

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20
Q

What joint is temporary and will disappear with adult bone?

A

Synchrondosis

21
Q

What are the features of discontinuous joints?

A
  • movable
  • two bony surfaces with hyaline cartilaginous covering on the surfaces
  • linked by ligaments
  • lined by synovial membrane
22
Q

Plane joint

A

Articular surfaces are very flat and bones slide on top of each other.
Ex - sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

23
Q

Hinge joint

A

Hinge on door appearance. Extension and flexion are possible.
Ex - elbow (ulna and humerus)
- phalanges

24
Q

Pivot joint

A

Only rotation is possible

Ex - superior radius and ulna

25
Q

Ellipsoid joint

A

Elliptical convex surface that fits into an elliptical concave surface - no rotation
Ex - wrist joint

26
Q

Saddle joint

A

All movements possible

Ex - thumb

27
Q

Ball and socket

A

Ex - shoulder and hip joints

28
Q

What are the shoulder joints?

A

Acromioclavicular - synovial, plane

Glenohumeral - synovial, ball & socket

29
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

A

Synovial, plane

30
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

Synovial, ball & socket

31
Q

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

A

Synovial, hinge

humero-radial and humero-ulnar

32
Q

What type of joint is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

A

Synovial, pivot

33
Q

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?

A

Synovial, plane, ellipsoid

34
Q

What type of joint is the thumb joint?

A

Synovial, saddle

35
Q

What type of joint are the carpometacarpal joints (excluding the thumb)?

A

Synovial, plane

36
Q

What type of joint are the metacarpalphalangeal joints?

A

Ellipsoid

37
Q

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?

A

Hinge

38
Q

The capitate lies lateral to which bone?

A

Hamate

39
Q

Which tendon(s) makes up the medial border of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Extensor pollicis longus

40
Q

Which tendon(s) make up the lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Extensor pollicis brevis

Abductor pollicis longus

41
Q

Which bone(s) articulate distal to the hamate?

A

The 4th & 5th metacarpals

42
Q

Name the type of joint between the shaft of the radius and ulna

A

Syndesmosis via the interosseus membrane

43
Q

The limb bud appears at what time?

A

As early as 26 days intrauterine

44
Q

How many bones are there in the hand?

A

27 total
8 carpals
5 metacarpals
14 phalanges

45
Q

Are there the same number of bones in the foot as in the hand?

A

No, the foot has one less tarsal.

46
Q

What are the 3 major nerves of the hand?

A

Medial, radial and ulnar

47
Q

Which bones articulate with the radius distally?

A

Scaphoid and lunate

48
Q

Which bones does the capitate articulate with distally and proximally?

A

Distally - 3rd metacarpal

Proximally - scaphoid and lunate

ANTHR 390 (6 decks)

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