Muscles for midterm

Question 1

Occipitofrontalis

Answer 1

layer of muscle beneath skin of the scalp, pulls skin upwards

Question 2

Frontalis

Answer 2

wrinkles the forehead, part of the occipitofrontalis

Question 3

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 3

surrounds the orbit, closes the eyelids

Question 4

Platysma

Answer 4

just beneath the skin of the anterior neck, may assist in depressing the jaw, mostly makes your skin tight

Question 5

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 5

elevates the corners of the mouth and aids to create a smile, along with the risorius, zygomaticus minor

Question 6

Masseter

Answer 6

from zygomatic arch to angle of mandible
most powerful muscle of mastication

Question 7

Temporalis

Answer 7

a long fan-shaped muscle on the side of the skull which also strongly elevates/closes jaw, retracts the mandible. inserts on the coronoid process

Question 8

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 8

from deep bones of the skull, the fibers run backward to insert on the neck of the mandible, pulls the neck of mandible forward. Protraction and opens jaw

Question 9

Medial pterygoid

Answer 9

arises from deep skull, fibers run inferiorly, posteriorly, and laterally to the medial surface of the ramus and angle of mandible. elevates mandible

Question 10

Tongue

Answer 10

has extrinsic and intrinsics. Know the following extrinsic

Palatoglossus: palate
Styloglossus: styloid process
Hyoglossus: hyoid
Genioglossus: chin

Question 11

Buccinator

Answer 11

within the cheek, controls food during chewing

Question 12

Superior rectus

Answer 12

turns eye superiorly
nerve III

Question 13

Inferior rectus

Answer 13

turns eye inferiorly
nerve III

Question 14

Medial rectus

Answer 14

turns eye medially
nerve III

Question 15

Lateral rectus

Answer 15

moves eye laterally
nerve VI

Question 16

Superior oblique

Answer 16

moves eye down and out
nerve IV

Question 17

Inferior oblique

Answer 17

moves eye up and out
nerve III

Question 18

Levator palpebrae

Answer 18

elevates the eyelid
nerve III
works with, or creates the superior tarsal muscle

Question 19

External Intercostals

Answer 19

Oblique, down, and forward between ribs
Not present medially to costco-chondral junction
draw ribs closer during inspiration/expiration
depends on which part of the thorax is stabilized

Question 20

Internal Intercostals

Answer 20

oblique, down, backward btwn ribs
not present from vertebrae to angle of ribs
draw ribs closer during insipration/expiration

Question 21

Innermost Intercostals

Answer 21

deep portions of the internal intercostals

Question 22

Subcostals

Answer 22

pass nearly vertically over internal surface of angle of ribs, crossing 1-2 spaces, likely depress ribs during expiration

Question 23

Transversus Throacis

Answer 23

inner chest wall
xiphoid process and inferior sternum, run to costal cartilages 2-6
assists in expiration, depresses costal cartilages

Question 24

Levator Costae

Answer 24

go from C7-T11 transverse processes. Inserts at external surfaces 1-12 ribs
elevate ribs at joints