Final Abdominal

Question 1

Location of abdomen

Answer 1

between thorax and pelvis

Question 2

Abdomen supported by

Answer 2

diaphragm (superior), muscles of pelvis (inferior), musculoponeurotic walls (anterolateral)

Question 3

Abdomen allows…

Answer 3

both protection and flexibility because of makeup

Question 4

Abdominal walls

Answer 4

contract to increase intra-abdominal
distend for accommodation (ingestion, pregnancy, adipose, pathology)
both anterolateral and posterior

Question 5

Peritoneum

Answer 5

serous membrane
reflects and continues onto abdominal viscera (internal organs)
creates sac and peritoneal cavity

Question 6

Abdominal cavity

Answer 6

forms superior part of abdominopelvic caivty
border is pelvic inlet
extends to 4th intercostal space
location of most digestive organs, urogenital system, spleen

Question 7

Layers of abdomen (Anterior to posterior)

Answer 7

Skin
Subcutaneous fat
Investing superficial fascia
External oblique
Intermediate investing fascia
Internal oblique
Deep investing fascia
Transversus abdominis

Question 8

Planes of abdomen

Answer 8

Median plane (divides right and left)
Transumbilical plane (divides upper and lower)

Question 9

Omentum

Answer 9

double layered fold of peritoneum
passes from stomach, proximal part of duodenum to adjacent organs in abdominal cavity

greater is below stomach, lesser is above

Question 10

Right upper quadrant

Answer 10

Liver
Gallbladder
Stomach (pylorus)
Duodenum
pancreas
kidney
ascending colon
transverse colon

Question 11

Left upper quadrant

Answer 11

liver
spleen
stomach
jejunum
pancreas
kidney
transverse colon
descending colon

Question 12

Right lower quadrant

Answer 12

cecum
appendix
ileum
ascending colon
ovary
uterine tube
ureter
spermatic cord
uterus (if enlarged)
urinary bladder (if very full)

Question 13

Left lower quadrant

Answer 13

sigmoid colon
descending colon
ovary
uterine tube
ureter
spermatic cord
uterus (if enlarged)
urinary bladder (very full)

Question 14

Esophagus

Answer 14

muscular tube
passage for food from pharynx to stomach
follows curve of vertebral column through neck and mediastinum
passes through diaphragm at esophageal hiatus
terminates at stomach

Question 15

Stomach

Answer 15

lies between esophagus and small intestine
location within digestive tract for enzymatic digestion

Question 16

Small intestine

Answer 16

three parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
primary site for absorption of nutrients from contents ingested
extends from pyloric part of stomach to first part of large intestine

Question 17

Mesentery

Answer 17

fan-shaped double fold of peritoneum
attaches jejunum and ileum to posterior abdominal wall
suspends gut
contains neurovasculature from post wall

Question 18

Large intestine components

Answer 18

cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal

Question 19

Large intestine

Answer 19

absorption of water from indigestible food residue
conversion of waste into semisolid stool, feces

Question 20

Pancreas

Answer 20

accessory digestive gland
posterior to stomach, right of spleen, left duodenum

Question 21

Liver roles

Answer 21

processes blood
produces bile
filtration
detoxification

Question 22

Gallbladder

Answer 22

has neck, body, fundus
below the liver
contains multiple ducts

Question 23

Kidneys

Answer 23

produce urine