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Anatomy > Muscles Exam 2 > Flashcards

Muscles Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Temporalis Origin

A

floor of temporal fossa, deep surface of temporal fascia

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2
Q

temporalis insertion

A

coronoid process of the mandible

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3
Q

temporalis innervation

A

mandibular CN 5 V3

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4
Q

temporalis action

A

1) . elevate mandible
2) . close jaw posteriorly
3) . retract jaw

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5
Q

Masseter origin

A

zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch

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6
Q

masseter distal attachment

A

ramus of mandible

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7
Q

Masseter innervation

A

mandibular CN5 V3

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8
Q

Masseter action

A

1) . elevate mandible

2) . minimal protrusion of manidble

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9
Q

Lateral pterygoid origin

A

1) . greater wing of sphenoid

2) . lateral pterygoid plate

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10
Q

Lateral pterygoid insertion

A

S: TMJ joint capsule

I: mandible

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11
Q

Lateral pterygoid innervation

A

mandibular CN5 V3

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12
Q

Lateral pterygoid action

A

Bi: protract mandible, depress chin

Uni: swings jaw toward contralateral side

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13
Q

Medial pterygoid origin

A

1) . lateral pterygoid plate

2) . tuberosity of maxilla

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14
Q

Medial pterygoid insertion

A

ramus of mandible, inf to mandibular foramen

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15
Q

Medial pterygoid innervation

A

mandibular CN5 V3

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16
Q

Medial pterygoid action

A

1) . synergistic to masseter in mandibular elevation
2) . protrusion
3) . unilaterally produces small grinding movements

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17
Q

what 2 muscles of the scalp contribute to facial movement?

A

1) . Occipitofrontalis,

2) . Epicranial aponeurosis

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18
Q

what is the action of the orbiculares oris

A

closes the mouth

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19
Q

what eye muscle is responsible for a soft and hard close of the eye lids?

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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20
Q

What innervates all the muscles of facial expression?

A

CN 7 (facial nerve)

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21
Q

what is the function/role of the Buccinator?

A

synergist with the tongue to form a bolus

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22
Q

what is the function of the platysma?

A

depresses mandible, tenses skin of inferior face and neck

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23
Q

what are the orbital and nasal opening muscles

A

1) . Orbicularis Oculi

2) . Nasalis

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24
Q

What do the extrinsic tongue muscles do?

A

protract/retract, elevate/dress, ab/adduct the tongue

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25
Q

what do the intrinsic tongue muscles do?

A

changes the shape fo the tongue, curls, flattens, narrows, shortens, elongates

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26
Q

what is the origin of the trapezius

A

nucal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12

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27
Q

what is the insertion of the trapezius

A

clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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28
Q

what is the action of the trapezius

A

bilateral extension, unilateral rotation and ab/adduction

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29
Q

what are the extrinsic back muscles?

A
  1. trap
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. rhomboids
  4. levator scapulae
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30
Q

what are the intermediate extrinsic back muscles?

A

serratus posterior superior and inferior

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31
Q

what muscles are in the superficial layer of the intrinsic back muscles (deep back muscles)

A

splenius cervicis and splenius capitis

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32
Q

what joints do splenius cervicis and capitis act on?

A

acts on cervical and atlantoccipitial joints

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33
Q

what are the muscles in the intermediate layer of the deep back muscles?

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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34
Q

what parts of the spine does the iliocostalis act on?

A

lumborum, thoracicis and cervicis

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35
Q

what is the function of the suboccipital muscles?

A

postural muscles

bilateral extension and unilateral ab/adduction and rotation

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36
Q

what muscles are in the major deep back layer?

A

semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores

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37
Q

what muscles are in the minor deep back muscle layer?

A

interspinales
intertransversari
lavatories costarum

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38
Q

what are the suboccipital muscles

A
  1. rectus capitis posterior major
  2. rectus capitis posterior minor
  3. obliques capitis inferior
  4. obliques capitis superior
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39
Q

what are the superficial muscles of the neck?

A

platysma
SCM
trapezius
levator scapulae

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40
Q

what are the supra hyoid muscles?

A
  1. mylohyoid
  2. geniohyoid
  3. stylohyoid
  4. digastric
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41
Q

what is the main function of the supra hyoid muscles?

A

elevate the larynx for swallowing and sound modification

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42
Q

what are the infra hyoid muscles?

A
  1. omohyoid
  2. sternohyoid
  3. sternothyroid
  4. thyrohyoid
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43
Q

what is the main function of the infra hyoid muscles?

A

depress the larynx for breathing and vocalization

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44
Q

what are the deep muscles of the neck?

A
  1. longus coli
  2. longus capties
  3. scalenes (3)
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45
Q

what is the main function of the levator costarum?

A

elevate the ribs for inhalation

dorsal rami

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46
Q

what is the main function of the external intercostals?

A

elevate the ribs for inspiration

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47
Q

what is the main function of the internal intercostals?

A

depress the ribs for expiration

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48
Q

platysma origin

A

inferior border of the mandible

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49
Q

platysma insertion

A

fascia of the superior pec major and deltoid

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50
Q

platysma innervation

A

CN 7

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51
Q

platysma action

A

tense neck skin and synergizes with lateral pterygoid to depress mandible

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52
Q

SCM origin

A

mastoid process of the temporal bone

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53
Q

SCM insertion

A

manubrium of the sternum and clavicle

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54
Q

SCM innervation

A

CN 11

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55
Q

SCM action

A

unilateral ab/adduction and rotation

bilateral extension (superior) and flexion (inferior)

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56
Q

action of the buccinator

A

synergizes with the tongue in bold formation, forms the lateral wall of the oral cavity

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57
Q

what is the innervation of the muscles of facial expression

A

CN 7

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58
Q

mylohyoid origin

A

mandible

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59
Q

mylohyoid insertion

A

hyoid and CT line (raphe)

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60
Q

mylohyoid innervation

A

CN 5 V3

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61
Q

mylohyoid action

A

elevate and protract the hyoid

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62
Q

geniohyoid origin

A

mandible

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63
Q

geniohyoid insertion

A

hyoid

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64
Q

geniohyoid innervation

A

cervical plexus

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65
Q

geniohyoid action

A

elevate and protract the hyoid

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66
Q

stylohyoid origin

A

styloid process of temporal bone

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67
Q

stylohyoid insertion

A

hyoid

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68
Q

stylohyoid innervation

A

CN 7

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69
Q

stylohyoid action

A

elevate and retract the hyoid

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70
Q

anterior digastric origin

A

mandible

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71
Q

anterior digastric insertion

A

hyoid

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72
Q

anterior digastric innervation

A

CN 5 V3

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73
Q

anterior digastric action

A

elevate and protract the hyoid

74
Q

posterior digastric origin

A

mastoid process

75
Q

posterior digastric insertion

76
Q

posterior digastric innervation

77
Q

posterior digastric action

A

elevate and retract the hyoid

78
Q

sternohyoid origin

79
Q

sternohyoid insertion

80
Q

sternohyoid innervation

A

ansa cervicalis C1- C3

81
Q

sternohyoid action

A

depress hyoid

82
Q

omohyoid origin

83
Q

omohyoid insertion

A

clavicle and scapular notch

84
Q

omohyoid innervation

A

ansa cervicali C1 - C3

85
Q

omohyoid action

A

depress hyoid

86
Q

sternothryroid origin

A

thyroid cartilage

87
Q

sternothryroid innervation

A

ansa cervicalis C1 - C3

88
Q

sternothryroid insertion

A

manubrium of sternum

89
Q

sternothryroid action

A

depress hyoid

90
Q

throhyoid origin

91
Q

throhyoid insertion

A

thyroid cartilage

92
Q

throhyoid innervation

93
Q

throhyoid action

A

depress the hyoid

95
Q

longus coli origin/insertion

A

a) Upper attach: superior cervical bodies to transverse processes
b) Lower attach: middle cervical transverse processes to inferior cervical and superior thoracic bodies

96
Q

longus coli innervation

A

cervical plexus

97
Q

longus coli action

A

Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL

98
Q

longus captitus origin

A

medial occipital bone

99
Q

longus captitus insertion

A

transverse process of middle cervical vertebra

100
Q

longus captitus innervation

A

cervical plexus

101
Q

longus captitus action

A

Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL
Atlanto-occipital: FL

102
Q

scalenes origin

A

transverse processes of cervical vertebra

103
Q

scalenes insertion

A

1st and 2nd rib

104
Q

scalenes innervation

A

cervical plexus

105
Q

scalenes action

A

elevate ribs for inhalation

Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL

106
Q

trapezius origin

A

Occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12

107
Q

trapezius insertion

A

Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

108
Q

trapezius innervation

109
Q

trapezius action

A

Upper: elevation, retraction, rotate to elevate scapula

Lower: depression, retraction, rotate to elevate scapula

Bilateral extension, unilateral ab/adduction and rotation

110
Q

latissimus dorsi origin

A

Lower thoracic and lumbar vertebra, posterior pelvis

111
Q

latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Lesser tubercle

112
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodosral N

113
Q

latissimus dorsi action

A

Extension, adduction, internally rotate the scapula

114
Q

rhomboids origin

A

Lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebra

115
Q

rhomboids insertion

A

Medial border of the scapula

116
Q

rhomboids action

A

Retraction, elevation, rotate to depress

117
Q

rhomboids innervation

A

dorsal scapular N

118
Q

levator scapulae origin

A

Upper cervical vertebra

119
Q

levator scapulae insertion

A

Superior medial scapula

120
Q

levator scapulae innervation

A

thoracodorsal N

121
Q

levator scapulae action

A

On scapula: elevation, retraction, rotate to depress

On Neck: bilateral extension, unilateral ab/adduction and rotateion

122
Q

splinius capitis origin / insertion

A

spinous process of C7 - T3 to mastoid process

123
Q

splinius cervicis origin / insertion

A

mastoid process to transverse processes of the superior cervical vertebra

124
Q

splinius innervation

A

dorsal rami

125
Q

splinius action

A

Bilateral: EX
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation

126
Q

iliocostalis origin

127
Q

iliocostalis insertion

A

Lower ribs and lumbar transverse processes

128
Q

iliocostalis innervation

A

dorsal rami

129
Q

iliocostalis action

A

Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column

Acts on: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar

130
Q

longissimus origin

131
Q

longissimus insertion

A

superior to mastoid process

132
Q

longissimus innervation

A

dorsal rami

133
Q

longissimus action

A

Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column

Acts on: capitate, cervical, thoracic

cross the atlantoccipital joint

134
Q

spinalis origin

135
Q

spinalis insertion

A

Spinous process of upper thoracic - cervical vertebra and cranium

136
Q

spinalis innervation

A

dorsal rami

137
Q

spinalis action

A

Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column

Acts on: capitate, cervical, thoracic

138
Q

semispinalis origin

A

Transverse processes of C4-T12

139
Q

semispinalis insertion

A

Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic and cervical vertebra

140
Q

semispinalis innervation

A

dorsal rami

141
Q

semispinalis action

A

Bilateral: EX
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation

Acts on: capitis, cervicis, thoracis

4-6 segments

142
Q

Multifidus origin

143
Q

Multifidus insertion

A

Spinous processes of all vertebra

144
Q

Multifidus innervation

A

dorsal rami

145
Q

Multifidus action

A

Keeps the lumbar spine vertical, stabilization

2-4 segments

146
Q

rotatores origin

A

spinous processes

147
Q

rotatores insertion

A

transverse processes of inferior vertebra

148
Q

rotatores innervation

A

dorsal rami

149
Q

rotatores action

A

rotates spine

1 segment = brevis
2 segments = longus

150
Q

lavatores costarum origin

A

transverse processes of thoracic vertebra

151
Q

lavatores costarum insertion

A

inferior ribs

152
Q

lavatores costarum innervation

A

dorsal rami

153
Q

lavatores costarum action

A

lifts the ribs to aid in inhalation

154
Q

interspinales origin and insertion

A

Between spinous processes

155
Q

lavatores costarum innervatinon

A

dorsal rami

156
Q

lavatores costarum action

A

lift the ribs up in inhalation, aid in ab/adduction

157
Q

intertransversarii origin and insertion

A

between transverse processes

158
Q

intertransversarii innervation

A

posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerves

159
Q

intertransversarii action

A

Aid in ABD, ADD and stabilization

160
Q

rectus captious posterior major origin and insertion

A

occipital bone to spinous process of C2

161
Q

rectus captious posterior major and minor innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

162
Q

rectus captious posterior major and minor action

A

posture of head

163
Q

rectus captious posterior minor origin and insertion

A

occipital bone to posterior tubercle of C1

164
Q

obliques capitis superior and inferior innervation

A

suboccipital nerve

165
Q

obliques capitis superior and inferior action

A

posture of head

166
Q

obliques capitis superior origin and insertion

A

occipital bone to transverse process of C1

167
Q

obliques capitis inferior origin and insertion

A

transverse process of C1 to spinous process of C2

168
Q

external intercostals origin

A

superior rib

169
Q

external intercostals insertion

A

inferior rib

170
Q

external intercostals innervation

A

intercostal nerves

171
Q

external intercostals action

A

lift rib for inspriation

172
Q

internal intercostals origin

A

inferior rib

173
Q

internal intercostals insertion

A

superior rib

174
Q

internal intercostals action

A

depress rib for exhalation

175
Q

internal intercostals innervation

A

intercostal nerves

176
Q

pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer

A

superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

177
Q

pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer action

A

contract and dilate pharynx for swallowing

178
Q

pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer innervation

179
Q

pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer

A

palatopharyngus, salpingopharyngeus and styloeharygeaus

180
Q

pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer action

A

elevate and depress to lengthen/shorten pharynx in swallowing

181
Q

pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer innervation

A

palatopharyngus, salpingopharyngeus (CN 10)

styloeharygeaus (CN 9)

Anatomy (11 decks)

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