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VAP > muscles and tendons > Flashcards

muscles and tendons Flashcards

1
Q

fascicle

A

made up of many fibres, muscle made up of many fascicles

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2
Q

muscle fibre

A

multinucleate syncytium, longitudinal myofibrils, eachhh divided into repeating transverse sarcomeres

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3
Q

range of contraction

A

dependent on the number of sarcomeres in the muscle

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4
Q

force of muscle

A

dependent of number of myofibrils in parallel, can alter number recruited to alter force

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5
Q

pennate

A

diagonal - force

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6
Q

extrinsic muscles

A

trunk to limb, often strap since no leverage

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7
Q

intrinsic muscles

A

within limb, often pennate hence strong with little range but lots of leverage

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8
Q

perimysium

A

surrounds each fascicle, carries vessels and nerves

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9
Q

fascicle tunnels

A

muscles contained in a fixed volume, venous and lymphatic return

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10
Q

capsular muscles

A

stabilise joint capsule

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11
Q

ligamentar muscles

A

constrain movements

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12
Q

monoarticular

A

crosses one joint

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13
Q

polyarticular

A

crosses several joints, acts. at most distal

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14
Q

tendon

A

a strong fibrous continuation of the epi, peri and endomysium, made of dense collagen

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15
Q

funicular tensdons

A

cords

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16
Q

aponeurotic tendons

A

sheets

17
Q

tendon functions

A
  1. direct muscular force
  2. store and release elastic potential energy
  3. absorb sudden forces
  4. amplify very rapid movements
18
Q

sheaths

A

areola - loose fibrous tissue sleeve, synovial bursa, synovial sheath

19
Q

retinacula

A

annular ligaments - reduce perp. distance therefore reduce torque hence reduces the effect of tendon on joint

20
Q

scuta

A

fibrocartilage - smooth surface over which the tendon can run

21
Q

sesamoid bones

A

form in tendons, prevent flattening and reduce friction, increases perp distance and increases torque

VAP (5 decks)

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