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Medical Terminology > Muscles and Movement > Flashcards

Muscles and Movement Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ceps

A

heads (biceps, triceps)

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2
Q

sinew

A

tendon (L, to stretch)

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3
Q

fascia

A

band

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4
Q

aponeurosis

A

from a tendon

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5
Q

gastrocnemius

A

belly of the leg

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6
Q

brachii

A

of the arm

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7
Q

trapezius

A

four-sided

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8
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

sternum clavicle breast

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9
Q

deltoid

A

triangular

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10
Q

pectoral

A

of the breast

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11
Q

intercostal

A

between the ribs

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12
Q

rectus

A

upright

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13
Q

transverse

A

across

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14
Q

oblique

A

neither rectus or transverse, angled

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15
Q

hernia

A

rupture

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16
Q

inguinal

A

of the groin

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17
Q

frontalis

A

forehead muscle

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18
Q

external oblique

A

outer angled muscle

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19
Q

sartorius

A

“tailor” longest muscle in the body and is about where inseam of paint is

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20
Q

gracilis

A

“fat” or “grace” graceful or slender

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21
Q

abduction

A

away from midline

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22
Q

adduction

A

toward midline

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23
Q

flexion

A

decreasing angle of joint

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24
Q

extension

A

increasing angle

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25
Q

circumduction

A

around medial joint

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26
Q

inversion

A

sole toward midline

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27
Q

eversion

A

sole away from midline

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28
Q

plantar flexion

A

toes down

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29
Q

dorsiflexion

A

toes up, heals down

30
Q

-tonia

A

tone

31
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

32
Q

-clasia

A

to surgically break

33
Q

-desis

A

to fuse or stabilize

34
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

35
Q

-porosis

A

porous

36
Q

myasthenia

A

muscular debility/muscular weakness

37
Q

electromyogram

A

a tracing made with an electromyograph (an instrument that converts electrical activity associated with functioning skeletal muscle into visual record)

38
Q

tenoplasty (tendoplasty)

A

surgical repair performed on a tendon

39
Q

bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness of movements and reflexes

40
Q

dystonia

A

any of various conditions characterized by abnormalities of movement and muscle tone

41
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in one or more joints

42
Q

atonia

A

lack of physiological tone, especially of a contractile organ

43
Q

hyperkinesia

A

abnormally increased and sometimes uncontrollable activity or muscular movements

44
Q

arthroclasia

A

the forcible breaking of a joint

45
Q

arthrodesis

A

the surgical immobilization of a joint so that bones grow solidly together

46
Q

arthroscope

A

a fiber-optic instrument surgically inserted through an incision near a joint and used to visually examine the joint interior

47
Q

chondromalacia

A

abnormal softness of cartilage

48
Q

intracranial

A

existing or occurring within the cranium

49
Q

arthroscopy

A

examination or surgery of a joint with an arthroscope

50
Q

osteotomy

A

a surgical operation in which a bone is divided or a piece of bone is excised (as to correct a deformity)

51
Q

osteomyelitis

A

an infectious, usually painful, inflammatory disease of bone often of bacterial origin that may result in death of bone tissue

52
Q

synovectomy

A

surgical removal of a synovial membrane

53
Q

intervertebral

A

situated between vertebrae

54
Q

osteoclasia

A

intensional fracture of a bone to correct deformity

55
Q

osteochondroma

A

a benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage and usually occurring near the end of a long bone

56
Q

arthrotomy

A

incision into a joint

57
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical puncture of a joint especially for aspiration of a fluid from the joint

58
Q

myorrhaphy

A

suture of a muscle

59
Q

polymyositis

A

inflammation of several muscles at once

60
Q

decubitis

A

to lie down

61
Q

recumbant

A

to recline

62
Q

hypertrophy

A

to grow beyond

63
Q

atrophy

A

no new growth

64
Q

serratus

A

saw toothed

65
Q

adductor pollicis

A

adducts the thumb

66
Q

pulled muscle

A

a strain: stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons (T in strain is for Tendon)

67
Q

Runner’s Knee

A

patellofemoral pain syndrome: commonly caused by chondromalacia, damage to cartilage under the patella

68
Q

Swimmer’s Shoulder

A

shoulder impingement syndrome: pain caused by tendon rubbing repeatedly against scapula

69
Q

Shin spilts

A

medial tibial stress syndrome: microtears in muscle and bone from overuse of anterior lower leg

70
Q

Tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis: repetitive use injury causing tendinitis of the insertion into the lateral condyle

71
Q

Sprained Ankle

A

Sprain: stretching or tearing of ligaments

72
Q

Achilles Tendinitis

A

Tendinitis of the heel

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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